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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ERRORS | CONFORMING TO | NOTES | BUGS | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
SCHED_SETSCHEDULER(2) Linux Programmer's Manual SCHED_SETSCHEDULER(2)
sched_setscheduler, sched_getscheduler - set and get scheduling pol‐
icy/parameters
#include <sched.h>
int sched_setscheduler(pid_t pid, int policy,
const struct sched_param *param);
int sched_getscheduler(pid_t pid);
The sched_setscheduler() system call sets both the scheduling policy
and parameters for the thread whose ID is specified in pid. If pid
equals zero, the scheduling policy and parameters of the calling
thread will be set.
The scheduling parameters are specified in the param argument, which
is a pointer to a structure of the following form:
struct sched_param {
...
int sched_priority;
...
};
In the current implementation, the structure contains only one field,
sched_priority. The interpretation of param depends on the selected
policy.
Currently, Linux supports the following "normal" (i.e., non-real-
time) scheduling policies as values that may be specified in policy:
SCHED_OTHER the standard round-robin time-sharing policy;
SCHED_BATCH for "batch" style execution of processes; and
SCHED_IDLE for running very low priority background jobs.
For each of the above policies, param->sched_priority must be 0.
Various "real-time" policies are also supported, for special time-
critical applications that need precise control over the way in which
runnable threads are selected for execution. For the rules governing
when a process may use these policies, see sched(7). The real-time
policies that may be specified in policy are:
SCHED_FIFO a first-in, first-out policy; and
SCHED_RR a round-robin policy.
For each of the above policies, param->sched_priority specifies a
scheduling priority for the thread. This is a number in the range
returned by calling sched_get_priority_min(2) and
sched_get_priority_max(2) with the specified policy. On Linux, these
system calls return, respectively, 1 and 99.
Since Linux 2.6.32, the SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK flag can be ORed in
policy when calling sched_setscheduler(). As a result of including
this flag, children created by fork(2) do not inherit privileged
scheduling policies. See sched(7) for details.
sched_getscheduler() returns the current scheduling policy of the
thread identified by pid. If pid equals zero, the policy of the
calling thread will be retrieved.
On success, sched_setscheduler() returns zero. On success,
sched_getscheduler() returns the policy for the thread (a nonnegative
integer). On error, both calls return -1, and errno is set
appropriately.
EINVAL Invalid arguments: pid is negative or param is NULL.
EINVAL (sched_setscheduler()) policy is not one of the recognized
policies.
EINVAL (sched_setscheduler()) param does not make sense for the
specified policy.
EPERM The calling thread does not have appropriate privileges.
ESRCH The thread whose ID is pid could not be found.
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008 (but see BUGS below). The SCHED_BATCH and
SCHED_IDLE policies are Linux-specific.
Further details of the semantics of all of the above "normal" and
"real-time" scheduling policies can be found in the sched(7) manual
page. That page also describes an additional policy, SCHED_DEADLINE,
which is settable only via sched_setattr(2).
POSIX systems on which sched_setscheduler() and sched_getscheduler()
are available define _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING in <unistd.h>.
POSIX.1 does not detail the permissions that an unprivileged thread
requires in order to call sched_setscheduler(), and details vary
across systems. For example, the Solaris 7 manual page says that the
real or effective user ID of the caller must match the real user ID
or the save set-user-ID of the target.
The scheduling policy and parameters are in fact per-thread
attributes on Linux. The value returned from a call to gettid(2) can
be passed in the argument pid. Specifying pid as 0 will operate on
the attributes of the calling thread, and passing the value returned
from a call to getpid(2) will operate on the attributes of the main
thread of the thread group. (If you are using the POSIX threads API,
then use pthread_setschedparam(3), pthread_getschedparam(3), and
pthread_setschedprio(3), instead of the sched_*(2) system calls.)
POSIX.1 says that on success, sched_setscheduler() should return the
previous scheduling policy. Linux sched_setscheduler() does not
conform to this requirement, since it always returns 0 on success.
chrt(1), nice(2), sched_get_priority_max(2),
sched_get_priority_min(2), sched_getaffinity(2), sched_getattr(2),
sched_getparam(2), sched_rr_get_interval(2), sched_setaffinity(2),
sched_setattr(2), sched_setparam(2), sched_yield(2), setpriority(2),
capabilities(7), cpuset(7), sched(7)
This page is part of release 4.12 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
latest version of this page, can be found at
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2016-12-12 SCHED_SETSCHEDULER(2)
Pages that refer to this page: chrt(1), getrlimit(2), gettid(2), mlock(2), nanosleep(2), prctl(2), sched_get_priority_max(2), sched_setaffinity(2), sched_setattr(2), sched_setparam(2), syscalls(2), posix_spawn(3), proc(5), systemd.exec(5), capabilities(7), cpuset(7), credentials(7), sched(7)