minmax()

The minmax() CSS function defines a size range greater than or equal to min and less than or equal to max. If max < min, then max is ignored and minmax(min,max) is treated as min. As a maximum, a <flex> value sets the flex factor of a grid track; it is invalid as a minimum.

Syntax

/* <inflexible-breadth>, <track-breadth> values */
minmax(200px, 1fr)
minmax(400px, 50%)
minmax(30%, 300px)
minmax(100px, max-content)
minmax(min-content, 400px)
minmax(max-content, auto)
minmax(auto, 300px)
minmax(min-content, auto)
/* <fixed-breadth>, <track-breadth> values */
minmax(200px, 1fr)
minmax(30%, 300px)
minmax(400px, 50%)
minmax(50%, min-content)
minmax(300px, max-content)
minmax(200px, auto)
/* <inflexible-breadth>, <fixed-breadth> values */
minmax(400px, 50%)
minmax(30%, 300px)
minmax(min-content, 200px)
minmax(max-content, 200px)
minmax(auto, 300px)

Values

<length>: A non-negative length.
<percentage>: A non-negative percentage relative to the inline size of the grid container in column grid tracks, and the block size of the grid container in row grid tracks. If the size of the grid container depends on the size of its tracks, then the <percentage> must be treated as auto. The UA may adjust the intrinsic size contributions of the track to the size of the grid container and increase the final size of the track by the minimum amount that would result in honoring the percentage.
<flex>: A non-negative dimension with the unit fr specifying the track’s flex factor. Each <flex>-sized track takes a share of the remaining space in proportion to its flex factor.
max-content: Represents the largest max-content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.
min-content: Represents the largest min-content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.
auto: As a maximum, identical to max-content. As a minimum it represents the largest minimum size (as specified by min-width/min-height) of the grid items occupying the grid track.

Formal syntax

{{ csssyntax }}

Example

CSS content

#container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(max-content, 300px) minmax(200px, 1fr) 150px;
  grid-gap: 5px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  height: 200px;
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #8cffa0;
  padding: 10px;
}
#container > div {
  background-color: #8ca0ff;
  padding: 5px;
}

HTML content

<div id="container">
  <div>
    Item as wide as the content,<br/>
    but at most 300 pixels.
  </div>
  <div>
    Item with flexible width but a minimum of 200 pixels.
  </div>
  <div>
    Inflexible item of 150 pixels width.
  </div>
</div>

Result

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Grid Layout The definition of 'minmax()' in that specification.	Candidate Recommendation	Initial definition

Feature	Chrome	Edge	Firefox (Gecko)	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari
Basic support	57.0^[1]	No support^[3]	52.0 (52.0)^[2]	No support^[3]	44^[4]	10.1

Feature	Android	Firefox Mobile (Gecko)	IE Mobile	Opera Mobile	Safari Mobile
Basic support	No support	52.0 (52.0)^[2]	No support^[3]	No support	10.3

[1] Implemented behind the experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags since Chrome 29.0.

[2] Implemented behind the preference layout.css.grid.enabled since Gecko 40.0 (Firefox 40.0 / Thunderbird 40.0 / SeaMonkey 2.37), defaulting to false. Since Gecko 52.0 (Firefox 52.0 / Thunderbird 52.0 / SeaMonkey 2.49) the preference is enabled by default.

[3] Internet Explorer and Edge implement an older version of the specification, which doesn't define this.

[4] Implemented behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags since Opera 28.0.