SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to send a new email. Like POP3 and NNTP, it is a state machine-driven protocol.
The protocol is relatively straightforward. Primary complications include supporting various authentication mechanisms (GSSAPI, CRAM-MD5, NTLM, MSN, AUTH LOGIN, AUTH PLAIN, etc.), handling error responses, and falling back when authentication mechanisms fail (e.g., the server claims to support a mechanism, but doesn't).
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