Attribute selectors

Summary

Attribute selectors select an element using the presence of a given attribute or attribute value.

[attr]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr.

[attr=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr and whose value is exactly "value".

[attr~=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr the value of which is a whitespace-separated list of words, one of which is exactly "value".

[attr|=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr. Its value can be exactly “value” or can begin with “value” immediately followed by “-” (U+002D). It can be used for language subcode matches.

[attr^=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr the value of which is prefixed by "value".

[attr$=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr the value of which is suffixed by "value".

[attr*=value]

Represents an element with an attribute name of attr the value of which contains at least one occurrence of string "value" as substring.

[attr operator value i]

Adding an i (or I) before the closing bracket causes the value to be compared case-insensitively (for characters within the ASCII range).

Example

/* All spans with a "lang" attribute are bold */
span[lang] {font-weight:bold;}
/* All spans in Portuguese are green */
span[lang="pt"] {color:green;}
/* All spans in US English are blue  */
span[lang~="en-us"] {color: blue;}
/* Any span in Chinese is red, matches
   simplified (zh-CN) or traditional (zh-TW) */
span[lang|="zh"] {color: red;}
/* All internal links have a gold background */
a[href^="#"] {background-color: gold;}
/* All spans whose first declared class begins with "main" have a yellow background */
/* Span with the class="banner main" would not be affected. */
span[class^="main"] {background-color: yellow;}
/* All links to urls ending in ".cn" are red */
a[href$=".cn"] {color: red;}
/* All links with "example" in the url have a grey background */
a[href*="example"] {background-color: #CCCCCC;}
/* You could also use hyphenated attributes without double quote */ 
span[data-lang="zh-TW"] {color: #9C27B0;}
/* All email inputs have a blue border */
/* This matches any capitalization of
   "email", e.g. "email", "EMAIL", "eMaIL", etc. */
input[type="email" i] {border-color: blue;}

<div class="hello-example">
    <a href="http://example.com">English:</a>
    <span lang="en-us en-gb en-au en-nz">Hello World!</span>
</div>
<div class="hello-example">
    <a href="#portuguese">Portuguese:</a>
    <span lang="pt">Olá Mundo!</span>
</div>
<div class="hello-example">
    <a href="http://example.cn">Chinese (Simplified):</a>
    <span lang="zh-CN">世界您好！</span>
</div>
<div class="hello-example"> 
    <a href="http://example.cn">Chinese (Traditional):</a> 
    <span lang="zh-TW">世界您好！</span> 
</div>
<div class="hello-example">
    <a href="http://example.tw">Hyphenated Attribute:</a>
    <span data-lang="zh-TW">世界您好！</span>
</div>

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also

• CSS selectors: basic browser support
• CSS selectors and pseudo selectors browser compatibility