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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ATTRIBUTES | CONFORMING TO | NOTES | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
TTYSLOT(3) Linux Programmer's Manual TTYSLOT(3)
ttyslot - find the slot of the current user's terminal in some file
#include <unistd.h> /See NOTES */
int ttyslot(void);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
ttyslot():
Since glibc 2.24:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
From glibc 2.20 to 2.23:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_ < 500
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_ < 500
The legacy function ttyslot() returns the index of the current user's
entry in some file.
Now "What file?" you ask. Well, let's first look at some history.
Ancient history
There used to be a file /etc/ttys in UNIX V6, that was read by the
init(1) program to find out what to do with each terminal line. Each
line consisted of three characters. The first character was either
'0' or '1', where '0' meant "ignore". The second character denoted
the terminal: '8' stood for "/dev/tty8". The third character was an
argument to getty(8) indicating the sequence of line speeds to try
('-' was: start trying 110 baud). Thus a typical line was "18-". A
hang on some line was solved by changing the '1' to a '0', signaling
init, changing back again, and signaling init again.
In UNIX V7 the format was changed: here the second character was the
argument to getty(8) indicating the sequence of line speeds to try
('0' was: cycle through 300-1200-150-110 baud; '4' was for the on-
line console DECwriter) while the rest of the line contained the name
of the tty. Thus a typical line was "14console".
Later systems have more elaborate syntax. System V-like systems have
/etc/inittab instead.
Ancient history (2)
On the other hand, there is the file /etc/utmp listing the people
currently logged in. It is maintained by login(1). It has a fixed
size, and the appropriate index in the file was determined by
login(1) using the ttyslot() call to find the number of the line in
/etc/ttys (counting from 1).
The semantics of ttyslot
Thus, the function ttyslot() returns the index of the controlling
terminal of the calling process in the file /etc/ttys, and that is
(usually) the same as the index of the entry for the current user in
the file /etc/utmp. BSD still has the /etc/ttys file, but System V-
like systems do not, and hence cannot refer to it. Thus, on such
systems the documentation says that ttyslot() returns the current
user's index in the user accounting data base.
If successful, this function returns the slot number. On error
(e.g., if none of the file descriptors 0, 1 or 2 is associated with a
terminal that occurs in this data base) it returns 0 on UNIX V6 and
V7 and BSD-like systems, but -1 on System V-like systems.
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌──────────┬───────────────┬───────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├──────────┼───────────────┼───────────┤
│ttyslot() │ Thread safety │ MT-Unsafe │
└──────────┴───────────────┴───────────┘
SUSv1; marked as LEGACY in SUSv2; removed in POSIX.1-2001. SUSv2
requires -1 on error.
The utmp file is found in various places on various systems, such as
/etc/utmp, /var/adm/utmp, /var/run/utmp.
The glibc2 implementation of this function reads the file _PATH_TTYS,
defined in <ttyent.h> as "/etc/ttys". It returns 0 on error. Since
Linux systems do not usually have "/etc/ttys", it will always return
0.
On BSD-like systems and Linux, the declaration of ttyslot() is
provided by <unistd.h>. On System V-like systems, the declaration is
provided by <stdlib.h>. Since glibc 2.24, <stdlib.h> also provides
the declaration with the following feature test macro definitions:
(_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 ||
(_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED))
&& ! (_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600)
Minix also has fttyslot(fd).
getttyent(3), ttyname(3), utmp(5)
This page is part of release 4.12 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
latest version of this page, can be found at
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU 2017-07-13 TTYSLOT(3)
Pages that refer to this page: getttyent(3)