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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | CONFORMING TO | NOTES | EXAMPLE | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
MALLOC_HOOK(3) Linux Programmer's Manual MALLOC_HOOK(3)
__malloc_hook, __malloc_initialize_hook, __memalign_hook,
__free_hook, __realloc_hook, __after_morecore_hook - malloc debugging
variables
#include <malloc.h>
void *(*__malloc_hook)(size_t size, const void *caller);
void *(*__realloc_hook)(void *ptr, size_t size, const void *caller);
void *(*__memalign_hook)(size_t alignment, size_t size,
const void *caller);
void (*__free_hook)(void *ptr, const void *caller);
void (*__malloc_initialize_hook)(void);
void (*__after_morecore_hook)(void);
The GNU C library lets you modify the behavior of malloc(3),
realloc(3), and free(3) by specifying appropriate hook functions.
You can use these hooks to help you debug programs that use dynamic
memory allocation, for example.
The variable __malloc_initialize_hook points at a function that is
called once when the malloc implementation is initialized. This is a
weak variable, so it can be overridden in the application with a
definition like the following:
void (*__malloc_initialize_hook)(void) = my_init_hook;
Now the function my_init_hook() can do the initialization of all
hooks.
The four functions pointed to by __malloc_hook, __realloc_hook,
__memalign_hook, __free_hook have a prototype like the functions
malloc(3), realloc(3), memalign(3), free(3), respectively, except
that they have a final argument caller that gives the address of the
caller of malloc(3), etc.
The variable __after_morecore_hook points at a function that is
called each time after sbrk(2) was asked for more memory.
These functions are GNU extensions.
The use of these hook functions is not safe in multithreaded
programs, and they are now deprecated. From glibc 2.24 onwards, the
__malloc_initialize_hook variable has been removed from the API.
Programmers should instead preempt calls to the relevant functions by
defining and exporting functions such as "malloc" and "free".
Here is a short example of how to use these variables.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
/* Prototypes for our hooks. */
static void my_init_hook(void);
static void *my_malloc_hook(size_t, const void *);
/* Variables to save original hooks. */
static void *(*old_malloc_hook)(size_t, const void *);
/* Override initializing hook from the C library. */
void (*__malloc_initialize_hook) (void) = my_init_hook;
static void
my_init_hook(void)
{
old_malloc_hook = __malloc_hook;
__malloc_hook = my_malloc_hook;
}
static void *
my_malloc_hook(size_t size, const void *caller)
{
void *result;
/* Restore all old hooks */
__malloc_hook = old_malloc_hook;
/* Call recursively */
result = malloc(size);
/* Save underlying hooks */
old_malloc_hook = __malloc_hook;
/* printf() might call malloc(), so protect it too. */
printf("malloc(%u) called from %p returns %p\n",
(unsigned int) size, caller, result);
/* Restore our own hooks */
__malloc_hook = my_malloc_hook;
return result;
}
mallinfo(3), malloc(3), mcheck(3), mtrace(3)
This page is part of release 4.12 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
latest version of this page, can be found at
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU 2016-07-17 MALLOC_HOOK(3)
Pages that refer to this page: malloc_get_state(3), mallopt(3), mtrace(3)