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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ERRORS | VERSIONS | CONFORMING TO | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
PERSONALITY(2) Linux Programmer's Manual PERSONALITY(2)
personality - set the process execution domain
#include <sys/personality.h>
int personality(unsigned long persona);
Linux supports different execution domains, or personalities, for
each process. Among other things, execution domains tell Linux how
to map signal numbers into signal actions. The execution domain
system allows Linux to provide limited support for binaries compiled
under other UNIX-like operating systems.
If persona is not 0xffffffff, then personality() sets the caller's
execution domain to the value specified by persona. Specifying
persona as 0xffffffff provides a way of retrieving the current
persona without changing it.
A list of the available execution domains can be found in
<sys/personality.h>. The execution domain is a 32-bit value in which
the top three bytes are set aside for flags that cause the kernel to
modify the behavior of certain system calls so as to emulate
historical or architectural quirks. The least significant byte is
value defining the personality the kernel should assume. The flag
values are as follows:
ADDR_COMPAT_LAYOUT (since Linux 2.6.9)
With this flag set, provide legacy virtual address space
layout.
ADDR_NO_RANDOMIZE (since Linux 2.6.12)
With this flag set, disable address-space-layout
randomization.
ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT (since Linux 2.2)
Limit the address space to 32 bits.
ADDR_LIMIT_3GB (since Linux 2.4.0)
With this flag set, use 0xc0000000 as the offset at which to
search a virtual memory chunk on mmap(2); otherwise use
0xffffe000.
FDPIC_FUNCPTRS (since Linux 2.6.11)
User-space function pointers to signal handlers point (on
certain architectures) to descriptors.
MMAP_PAGE_ZERO (since Linux 2.4.0)
Map page 0 as read-only (to support binaries that depend on
this SVr4 behavior).
READ_IMPLIES_EXEC (since Linux 2.6.8)
With this flag set, PROT_READ implies PROT_EXEC for mmap(2).
SHORT_INODE (since Linux 2.4.0)
No effects(?).
STICKY_TIMEOUTS (since Linux 1.2.0)
With this flag set, select(2), pselect(2), and ppoll(2) do not
modify the returned timeout argument when interrupted by a
signal handler.
UNAME26 (since Linux 3.1)
Have uname(2) report a 2.6.40+ version number rather than a
3.x version number. Added as a stopgap measure to support
broken applications that could not handle the kernel version-
numbering switch from 2.6.x to 3.x.
WHOLE_SECONDS (since Linux 1.2.0)
No effects(?).
The available execution domains are:
PER_BSD (since Linux 1.2.0)
BSD. (No effects.)
PER_HPUX (since Linux 2.4)
Support for 32-bit HP/UX. This support was never complete,
and was dropped so that since Linux 4.0, this value has no
effect.
PER_IRIX32 (since Linux 2.2)
IRIX 5 32-bit. Never fully functional; support dropped in
Linux 2.6.27. Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS.
PER_IRIX64 (since Linux 2.2)
IRIX 6 64-bit. Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS; otherwise no effects.
PER_IRIXN32 (since Linux 2.2)
IRIX 6 new 32-bit. Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS; otherwise no
effects.
PER_ISCR4 (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS; otherwise no effects.
PER_LINUX (since Linux 1.2.0)
Linux.
PER_LINUX32 (since Linux 2.2)
[To be documented.]
PER_LINUX32_3GB (since Linux 2.4)
Implies ADDR_LIMIT_3GB.
PER_LINUX_32BIT (since Linux 2.0)
Implies ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT.
PER_LINUX_FDPIC (since Linux 2.6.11)
Implies FDPIC_FUNCPTRS.
PER_OSF4 (since Linux 2.4)
OSF/1 v4. On alpha, clear top 32 bits of iov_len in the
user's buffer for compatibility with old versions of OSF/1
where iov_len was defined as. int.
PER_OSR5 (since Linux 2.4)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and WHOLE_SECONDS; otherwise no
effects.
PER_RISCOS (since Linux 2.2)
[To be documented.]
PER_SCOSVR3 (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS, WHOLE_SECONDS, and SHORT_INODE;
otherwise no effects.
PER_SOLARIS (since Linux 2.4)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS; otherwise no effects.
PER_SUNOS (since Linux 2.4.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS. Divert library and dynamic linker
searches to /usr/gnemul. Buggy, largely unmaintained, and
almost entirely unused; support was removed in Linux 2.6.26.
PER_SVR3 (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and SHORT_INODE; otherwise no effects.
PER_SVR4 (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and MMAP_PAGE_ZERO; otherwise no
effects.
PER_UW7 (since Linux 2.4)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and MMAP_PAGE_ZERO; otherwise no
effects.
PER_WYSEV386 (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and SHORT_INODE; otherwise no effects.
PER_XENIX (since Linux 1.2.0)
Implies STICKY_TIMEOUTS and SHORT_INODE; otherwise no effects.
On success, the previous persona is returned. On error, -1 is
returned, and errno is set appropriately.
EINVAL The kernel was unable to change the personality.
This system call first appeared in Linux 1.1.20 (and thus first in a
stable kernel release with Linux 1.2.0); library support was added in
glibc 2.3.
personality() is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable.
setarch(8)
This page is part of release 4.12 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
latest version of this page, can be found at
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2016-03-15 PERSONALITY(2)
Pages that refer to this page: mprotect(2), syscalls(2), proc(5), systemd.unit(5)