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PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | STDIN | INPUT FILES | ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES | ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS | STDOUT | STDERR | OUTPUT FILES | EXTENDED DESCRIPTION | EXIT STATUS | CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS | APPLICATION USAGE | EXAMPLES | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT |
MKDIR(1P) POSIX Programmer's Manual MKDIR(1P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux
implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
mkdir — make directories
mkdir [−p] [−m mode] dir...
The mkdir utility shall create the directories specified by the
operands, in the order specified.
For each dir operand, the mkdir utility shall perform actions
equivalent to the mkdir() function defined in the System Interfaces
volume of POSIX.1‐2008, called with the following arguments:
1. The dir operand is used as the path argument.
2. The value of the bitwise-inclusive OR of S_IRWXU, S_IRWXG, and
S_IRWXO is used as the mode argument. (If the −m option is
specified, the value of the mkdir() mode argument is unspecified,
but the directory shall at no time have permissions less
restrictive than the −m mode option-argument.)
The mkdir utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2008, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported:
−m mode Set the file permission bits of the newly-created directory
to the specified mode value. The mode option-argument shall
be the same as the mode operand defined for the chmod
utility. In the symbolic_mode strings, the op characters
'+' and '−' shall be interpreted relative to an assumed
initial mode of a=rwx; '+' shall add permissions to the
default mode, '−' shall delete permissions from the default
mode.
−p Create any missing intermediate pathname components.
For each dir operand that does not name an existing
directory, before performing the actions described in the
DESCRIPTION above, the mkdir utility shall create any
pathname components of the path prefix of dir that do not
name an existing directory by performing actions equivalent
to first calling the mkdir() function with the following
arguments:
1. A pathname naming the missing pathname component,
ending with a trailing <slash> character, as the path
argument
2. The value zero as the mode argument
and then calling the chmod() function with the following
arguments:
1. The same path argument as in the mkdir() call
2. The value (S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|~filemask)&0777 as the mode
argument, where filemask is the file mode creation mask
of the process (see the System Interfaces volume of
POSIX.1‐2008, umask(3p))
Each dir operand that names an existing directory shall be
ignored without error.
The following operand shall be supported:
dir A pathname of a directory to be created.
Not used.
None.
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
mkdir:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 8.2, Internationalization
Variables for the precedence of internationalization
variables used to determine the values of locale
categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of
all the other internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of
bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte
as opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES.
Default.
Not used.
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
None.
None.
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 All the specified directories were created successfully or the
−p option was specified and all the specified directories now
exist.
>0 An error occurred.
Default.
The following sections are informative.
The default file mode for directories is a=rwx (777 on most systems)
with selected permissions removed in accordance with the file mode
creation mask. For intermediate pathname components created by mkdir,
the mode is the default modified by u+wx so that the subdirectories
can always be created regardless of the file mode creation mask; if
different ultimate permissions are desired for the intermediate
directories, they can be changed afterwards with chmod.
Note that some of the requested directories may have been created
even if an error occurs.
None.
The System V −m option was included to control the file mode.
The System V −p option was included to create any needed intermediate
directories and to complement the functionality provided by rmdir for
removing directories in the path prefix as they become empty.
Because no error is produced if any path component already exists,
the −p option is also useful to ensure that a particular directory
exists.
The functionality of mkdir is described substantially through a
reference to the mkdir() function in the System Interfaces volume of
POSIX.1‐2008. For example, by default, the mode of the directory is
affected by the file mode creation mask in accordance with the
specified behavior of the mkdir() function. In this way, there is
less duplication of effort required for describing details of the
directory creation.
None.
chmod(1p), rm(1p), rmdir(1p), umask(1p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 8, Environment
Variables, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines
The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2008, mkdir(3p), umask(3p)
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. (This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1
applied.) In the event of any discrepancy between this version and
the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
Standard can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the
source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2013 MKDIR(1P)