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PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | STDIN | INPUT FILES | ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES | ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS | STDOUT | STDERR | OUTPUT FILES | EXTENDED DESCRIPTION | EXIT STATUS | CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS | APPLICATION USAGE | EXAMPLES | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT |
FUSER(1P) POSIX Programmer's Manual FUSER(1P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux
implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
fuser — list process IDs of all processes that have one or more files
open
fuser [−cfu] file...
The fuser utility shall write to standard output the process IDs of
processes running on the local system that have one or more named
files open. For block special devices, all processes using any file
on that device are listed.
The fuser utility shall write to standard error additional
information about the named files indicating how the file is being
used.
Any output for processes running on remote systems that have a named
file open is unspecified.
A user may need appropriate privileges to invoke the fuser utility.
The fuser utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2008, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported:
−c The file is treated as a mount point and the utility shall
report on any files open in the file system.
−f The report shall be only for the named files.
−u The user name, in parentheses, associated with each process
ID written to standard output shall be written to standard
error.
The following operand shall be supported:
file A pathname on which the file or file system is to be
reported.
Not used.
The user database.
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
fuser:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 8.2, Internationalization
Variables for the precedence of internationalization
variables used to determine the values of locale
categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of
all the other internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of
bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte
as opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES.
Default.
The fuser utility shall write the process ID for each process using
each file given as an operand to standard output in the following
format:
"%d", <process_id>
The fuser utility shall write diagnostic messages to standard error.
The fuser utility also shall write the following to standard error:
* The pathname of each named file is written followed immediately
by a <colon>.
* For each process ID written to standard output, the character 'c'
shall be written to standard error if the process is using the
file as its current directory and the character 'r' shall be
written to standard error if the process is using the file as its
root directory. Implementations may write other alphabetic
characters to indicate other uses of files.
* When the −u option is specified, characters indicating the use of
the file shall be followed immediately by the user name, in
parentheses, corresponding to the real user ID of the process. If
the user name cannot be resolved from the real user ID of the
process, the real user ID of the process shall be written instead
of the user name.
When standard output and standard error are directed to the same
file, the output shall be interleaved so that the filename appears at
the start of each line, followed by the process ID and characters
indicating the use of the file. Then, if the −u option is specified,
the user name or user ID for each process using that file shall be
written.
A <newline> shall be written to standard error after the last output
described above for each file operand.
None.
None.
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
Default.
The following sections are informative.
None.
The command:
fuser −fu .
writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
the current directory and writes to standard error an indication of
how those processes are using the directory and the user names
associated with the processes that are using the current directory.
fuser −c <mount point>
writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
any file in the file system which is mounted on <mount point> and
writes to standard error an indication of how those processes are
using the files.
fuser <mount point>
writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
the file which is named by <mount point> and writes to standard error
an indication of how those processes are using the file.
fuser <block device>
writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
any file which is on the device named by <block device> and writes to
standard error an indication of how those processes are using the
file.
fuser −f <block device>
writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
the file <block device> itself and writes to standard error an
indication of how those processes are using the file.
The definition of the fuser utility follows existing practice.
None.
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 8, Environment
Variables, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. (This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1
applied.) In the event of any discrepancy between this version and
the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
Standard can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the
source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2013 FUSER(1P)