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NAME | ALTERNATE DEBUG INFO FILES | AUTHOR | COPYRIGHT | COLOPHON |
ABIDW(1) Libabigail ABIDW(1)
abidw - serialize the ABI of an ELF file ====== abidw ======
abidw reads a shared library in ELF format and emits an XML represen‐
tation of its ABI to standard output. The emitted representation
includes all the globally defined functions and variables, along with
a complete representation of their types. It also includes a repre‐
sentation of the globally defined ELF symbols of the file. The input
shared library must contain associated debug information in DWARF
format.
When given the --linux-tree option, this program can also handle a
Linux kernel tree. That is, a directory tree that contains both the
vmlinux binary and Linux kernel modules. It analyses those Linux
kernel binaries and emits an XML representation of the interface
between the kernel and its module, to standard output. In this case,
we don't call it an ABI, but a KMI (Kernel Module Interface). The
emitted KMI includes all the globally defined functions and vari‐
ables, along with a complete representation of their types. The
input binaries must contain associated debug information in DWARF
format.
abidw [options] [<path-to-elf-file>]
· --help | -h
Display a short help about the command and exit.
· --version | -v
Display the version of the program and exit.
· --debug-info-dir | -d <dir-path>
In cases where the debug info for path-to-elf-file is in a sepa‐
rate file that is located in a non-standard place, this tells
abidw where to look for that debug info file.
Note that dir-path must point to the root directory under which
the debug information is arranged in a tree-like manner. Under
Red Hat based systems, that directory is usually
<root>/usr/lib/debug.
Note that this option is not mandatory for split debug informa‐
tion installed by your system's package manager because then
abidw knows where to find it.
· --out-file <file-path>
This option instructs abidw to emit the XML representation of
path-to-elf-file into the file file-path, rather than emitting
it to its standard output.
· --noout
This option instructs abidw to not emit the XML representation
of the ABI. So it only reads the ELF and debug information,
builds the internal representation of the ABI and exits. This
option is usually useful for debugging purposes.
· --no-corpus-path
Do not emit the path attribute for the ABI corpus.
· --suppressions | suppr <path-to-suppression-specifications-file>
Use a suppression specification file located at path-to-suppres‐
sion-specifications-file. Note that this option can appear mul‐
tiple times on the command line. In that case, all of the pro‐
vided suppression specification files are taken into account.
ABI artifacts matched by the suppression specifications are sup‐
pressed from the output of this tool.
· --kmi-whitelist | -kaw <path-to-whitelist>
When analyzing a Linux kernel binary, this option points to the
white list of names of ELF symbols of functions and variables
which ABI must be written out. That white list is called a "
Kernel Module Interface white list". This is because for the
Kernel, we don't talk about the ABI; we rather talk about the
interface between the Kernel and its module. Hence the term KMI
rather than ABI
Any other function or variable which ELF symbol are not present
in that white list will not be considered by the KMI writing
process.
If this option is not provided -- thus if no white list is pro‐
vided -- then the entire KMI, that is, all publicly defined and
exported functions and global variables by the Linux Kernel
binaries is emitted.
· --linux-tree | --lt
Make abidw to consider the input path as a path to a directory
containing the vmlinux binary as several kernel modules bina‐
ries. In that case, this program emits the representation of
the Kernel Module Interface (KMI) on the standard output.
Below is an example of usage of abidw on a Linux Kernel tree.
First, checkout a Linux kernel source tree and build it. Then
install the kernel modules in a directory somewhere. Copy the
vmlinux binary into that directory too. And then serialize the
KMI of that kernel to disk, using abidw:
$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
$ cd linux && git checkout v4.5
$ make allyesconfig all
$ mkdir build-output
$ make INSTALL_MOD_PATH=./build-output modules_install
$ cp vmlinux build-output/modules/4.5.0
$ abidw --linux-tree build-output/modules/4.5.0 > build-output/linux-4.5.0.kmi
· --headers-dir | --hd <headers-directory-path-1>
Specifies where to find the public headers of the first shared
library that the tool has to consider. The tool will thus fil‐
ter out types that are not defined in public headers.
· --no-linux-kernel-mode
Without this option, if abipkgiff detects that the binaries it
is looking at are Linux Kernel binaries (either vmlinux or mod‐
ules) then it only considers functions and variables which ELF
symbols are listed in the __ksymtab and __ksymtab_gpl sections.
With this option, abipkgdiff considers the binary as a non-spe‐
cial ELF binary. It thus considers functions and variables
which are defined and exported in the ELF sense.
· --check-alternate-debug-info <elf-path>
If the debug info for the file elf-path contains a reference to
an alternate debug info file, abidw checks that it can find that
alternate debug info file. In that case, it emits a meaningful
success message mentioning the full path to the alternate debug
info file found. Otherwise, it emits an error code.
· --no-show-locs
Do not show information about where in the second shared
library the respective type was changed.
· --check-alternate-debug-info-base-name <elf-path>
Like --check-alternate-debug-info, but in the success message,
only mention the base name of the debug info file; not its full
path.
· --load-all-types
By default, libabigail (and thus abidw) only loads types that
are reachable from functions and variables declarations that are
publicly defined and exported by the binary. So only those
types are present in the output of abidw. This option however
makes abidw load all the types defined in the binaries, even
those that are not reachable from public declarations.
· --abidiff
Load the ABI of the ELF binary given in argument, save it in
libabigail's XML format in a temporary file; read the ABI from
the temporary XML file and compare the ABI that has been read
back against the ABI of the ELF binary given in argument. The
ABIs should compare equal. If they don't, the program emits a
diagnostic and exits with a non-zero code.
This is a debugging and sanity check option.
· --annotate
Annotate the ABIXML output with comments above most elements.
The comments are made of the pretty-printed form types, decla‐
ration or even ELF symbols. The purpose is to make the ABIXML
output more human-readable for debugging or documenting pur‐
poses.
· --stats
Emit statistics about various internal things.
· --verbose
Emit verbose logs about the progress of miscellaneous internal
things.
As of the version 4 of the DWARF specification, Alternate debug
information is a GNU extension to the DWARF specification. It has
however been proposed for inclusion into the upcoming version 5 of
the DWARF standard. You can read more about the GNU extensions to
the DWARF standard here.
Dodji Seketeli
2014-2016, Red Hat, Inc.
This page is part of the libabigail (ABI Generic Analysis and
Instrumentation Library) project. Information about the project can
be found at ⟨https://sourceware.org/libabigail/⟩. If you have a bug
report for this manual page, see
⟨http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=libabigail⟩.
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Jul 05, 2017 ABIDW(1)