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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | CONFIGURATION FILE | TCP_WRAPPERS SUPPORT | FILES | SEE ALSO | AUTHOR | COLOPHON |
rpc.mountd(8) System Manager's Manual rpc.mountd(8)
rpc.mountd - NFS mount daemon
/usr/sbin/rpc.mountd [options]
The rpc.mountd daemon implements the server side of the NFS MOUNT
protocol, an NFS side protocol used by NFS version 2 [RFC1094] and
NFS version 3 [RFC1813].
An NFS server maintains a table of local physical file systems that
are accessible to NFS clients. Each file system in this table is
referred to as an exported file system, or export, for short.
Each file system in the export table has an access control list.
rpc.mountd uses these access control lists to determine whether an
NFS client is permitted to access a given file system. For details
on how to manage your NFS server's export table, see the exports(5)
and exportfs(8) man pages.
Mounting exported NFS File Systems
The NFS MOUNT protocol has several procedures. The most important of
these are MNT (mount an export) and UMNT (unmount an export).
A MNT request has two arguments: an explicit argument that contains
the pathname of the root directory of the export to be mounted, and
an implicit argument that is the sender's IP address.
When receiving a MNT request from an NFS client, rpc.mountd checks
both the pathname and the sender's IP address against its export
table. If the sender is permitted to access the requested export,
rpc.mountd returns an NFS file handle for the export's root directory
to the client. The client can then use the root file handle and NFS
LOOKUP requests to navigate the directory structure of the export.
The rmtab File
The rpc.mountd daemon registers every successful MNT request by
adding an entry to the /var/lib/nfs/rmtab file. When receivng a UMNT
request from an NFS client, rpc.mountd simply removes the matching
entry from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab, as long as the access control list for
that export allows that sender to access the export.
Clients can discover the list of file systems an NFS server is
currently exporting, or the list of other clients that have mounted
its exports, by using the showmount(8) command. showmount(8) uses
other procedures in the NFS MOUNT protocol to report information
about the server's exported file systems.
Note, however, that there is little to guarantee that the contents of
/var/lib/nfs/rmtab are accurate. A client may continue accessing an
export even after invoking UMNT. If the client reboots without
sending a UMNT request, stale entries remain for that client in
/var/lib/nfs/rmtab.
-d kind or --debug kind
Turn on debugging. Valid kinds are: all, auth, call, general
and parse.
-F or --foreground
Run in foreground (do not daemonize)
-h or --help
Display usage message.
-o num or --descriptors num
Set the limit of the number of open file descriptors to num.
The default is to leave the limit unchanged.
-N mountd-version or --no-nfs-version mountd-version
This option can be used to request that rpc.mountd do not
offer certain versions of NFS. The current version of
rpc.mountd can support both NFS version 2, 3 and 4. If the
either one of these version should not be offered, rpc.mountd
must be invoked with the option --no-nfs-version <vers> .
-n or --no-tcp
Don't advertise TCP for mount.
-p num or -P num or --port num
Specifies the port number used for RPC listener sockets. If
this option is not specified, rpc.mountd will try to consult
/etc/services, if gets port succeed, set the same port for all
listener socket, otherwise chooses a random ephemeral port for
each listener socket.
This option can be used to fix the port value of rpc.mountd's
listeners when NFS MOUNT requests must traverse a firewall
between clients and servers.
-H prog or --ha-callout prog
Specify a high availability callout program. This program
receives callouts for all MOUNT and UNMOUNT requests. This
allows rpc.mountd to be used in a High Availability NFS (HA-
NFS) environment.
The callout program is run with 4 arguments. The first is
mount or unmount depending on the reason for the callout. The
second will be the name of the client performing the mount.
The third will be the path that the client is mounting. The
last is the number of concurrent mounts that we believe the
client has of that path.
This callout is not needed with 2.6 and later kernels.
Instead, mount the nfsd filesystem on /proc/fs/nfsd.
-s, --state-directory-path directory
Specify a directory in which to place state information (etab
and rmtab). If this option is not specified the default of
/var/lib/nfs is used.
-r, --reverse-lookup
rpc.mountd tracks IP addresses in the rmtab file. When a DUMP
request is made (by someone running showmount -a, for
instance), it returns IP addresses instead of hostnames by
default. This option causes rpc.mountd to perform a reverse
lookup on each IP address and return that hostname instead.
Enabling this can have a substantial negative effect on
performance in some situations.
-t N or --num-threads=N or --num-threads N
This option specifies the number of worker threads that
rpc.mountd spawns. The default is 1 thread, which is probably
enough. More threads are usually only needed for NFS servers
which need to handle mount storms of hundreds of NFS mounts in
a few seconds, or when your DNS server is slow or unreliable.
-u or --no-udp
Don't advertise UDP for mounting
-V version or --nfs-version version
This option can be used to request that rpc.mountd offer
certain versions of NFS. The current version of rpc.mountd can
support both NFS version 2 and the newer version 3.
-v or --version
Print the version of rpc.mountd and exit.
-g or --manage-gids
Accept requests from the kernel to map user id numbers into
lists of group id numbers for use in access control. An NFS
request will normally (except when using Kerberos or other
cryptographic authentication) contains a user-id and a list of
group-ids. Due to a limitation in the NFS protocol, at most
16 groups ids can be listed. If you use the -g flag, then the
list of group ids received from the client will be replaced by
a list of group ids determined by an appropriate lookup on the
server. Note that the 'primary' group id is not affected so a
newgroup command on the client will still be effective. This
function requires a Linux Kernel with version at least 2.6.21.
Many of the options that can be set on the command line can also be
controlled through values set in the [mountd] or, in some cases, the
[nfsd] sections of the /etc/nfs.conf configuration file. Values
recognized in the [mountd] section include manage-gids, descriptors,
port, threads, reverse-lookup, and state-directory-path, ha-callout
which each have the same effect as the option with the same name.
The values recognized in the [nfsd] section include TCP, UDP, vers2,
vers3, and vers4 which each have same same meaning as given by
rpc.nfsd(8).
You can protect your rpc.mountd listeners using the tcp_wrapper
library or iptables(8).
Note that the tcp_wrapper library supports only IPv4 networking.
Add the hostnames of NFS peers that are allowed to access rpc.mountd
to /etc/hosts.allow. Use the daemon name mountd even if the
rpc.mountd binary has a different name.
Hostnames used in either access file will be ignored when they can
not be resolved into IP addresses. For further information see the
tcpd(8) and hosts_access(5) man pages.
IPv6 and TI-RPC support
TI-RPC is a pre-requisite for supporting NFS on IPv6. If TI-RPC
support is built into rpc.mountd, it attempts to start listeners on
network transports marked 'visible' in /etc/netconfig. As long as at
least one network transport listener starts successfully, rpc.mountd
will operate.
/etc/exports input file for exportfs, listing exports,
export options, and access control lists
/var/lib/nfs/rmtab table of clients accessing server's exports
exportfs(8), exports(5), showmount(8), rpc.nfsd(8), rpc.rquotad(8),
nfs(5), nfs.conf(5), tcpd(8), hosts_access(5), iptables(8),
netconfig(5)
RFC 1094 - "NFS: Network File System Protocol Specification"
RFC 1813 - "NFS Version 3 Protocol Specification"
Olaf Kirch, H. J. Lu, G. Allan Morris III, and a host of others.
This page is part of the nfs-utils (NFS utilities) project.
Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://linux-nfs.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page⟩. If you have a bug
report for this manual page, see
⟨http://linux-nfs.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page⟩. This page was
obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨http://git.linux-nfs.org/?p=steved/nfs-utils.git;a=summary⟩ on
2017-07-05. If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML ver‐
sion of the page, or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date
source for the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original man‐
ual page), send a mail to man-pages@man7.org
31 Dec 2009 rpc.mountd(8)
Pages that refer to this page: exports(5), nfs.conf(5), nfsd(7), exportfs(8), mount(8), nfsd(8), showmount(8)