PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ERRORS | EXAMPLES | APPLICATION USAGE | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT

ISLOWER(3P)               POSIX Programmer's Manual              ISLOWER(3P)

PROLOG         top

       This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
       corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
       the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME         top

       islower, islower_l — test for a lowercase letter

SYNOPSIS         top

       #include <ctype.h>
       int islower(int c);
       int islower_l(int c, locale_t locale);

DESCRIPTION         top

       For islower(): The functionality described on this reference page is
       aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the
       requirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional.
       This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.
       The islower() and islower_l() functions shall test whether c is a
       character of class lower in the current locale, or in the locale
       represented by locale, respectively; see the Base Definitions volume
       of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 7, Locale.
       The c argument is an int, the value of which the application shall
       ensure is a character representable as an unsigned char or equal to
       the value of the macro EOF. If the argument has any other value, the
       behavior is undefined.
       The behavior is undefined if the locale argument to islower_l() is
       the special locale object LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid locale
       object handle.

RETURN VALUE         top

       The islower() and islower_l() functions shall return non-zero if c is
       a lowercase letter; otherwise, they shall return 0.

ERRORS         top

       No errors are defined.
       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES         top

   Testing for a Lowercase Letter
       Two examples follow, the first using islower(), the second using
       multiple concurrent locales and islower_l().
       The examples test whether the value is a lowercase letter, based on
       the current locale, then use it as part of a key value.
           /* Example 1 -- using islower() */
           #include <ctype.h>
           #include <stdlib.h>
           #include <locale.h>
           ...
           char *keystr;
           int elementlen, len;
           unsigned char c;
           ...
           setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
           ...
           len = 0;
           while (len < elementlen) {
               c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
           ...
               if (islower(c))
                   keystr[len++] = c;
               }
           ...
           /* Example 2 -- using islower_l() */
           #include <ctype.h>
           #include <stdlib.h>
           #include <locale.h>
           ...
           char *keystr;
           int elementlen, len;
           unsigned char c;
           ...
           locale_t loc = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "", (locale_t) 0);
           ...
           len = 0;
           while (len < elementlen) {
               c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
           ...
               if (islower_l(c, loc))
                   keystr[len++] = c;
               }
           ...

APPLICATION USAGE         top

       To ensure applications portability, especially across natural
       languages, only these functions and the functions in the reference
       pages listed in the SEE ALSO section should be used for character
       classification.

RATIONALE         top

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS         top

       None.

SEE ALSO         top

       isalnum(3p), isalpha(3p), isblank(3p), iscntrl(3p), isdigit(3p),
       isgraph(3p), isprint(3p), ispunct(3p), isspace(3p), isupper(3p),
       isxdigit(3p), setlocale(3p), uselocale(3p)
       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 7, Locale,
       ctype.h(0p), locale.h(0p)

COPYRIGHT         top

       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information
       Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
       Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
       Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
       Group.  (This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1
       applied.) In the event of any discrepancy between this version and
       the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and
       The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
       Standard can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
       Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the
       source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group                 2013                         ISLOWER(3P)

Pages that refer to this page: ctype.h(0p)isalnum(3p)isalpha(3p)isblank(3p)iscntrl(3p)isdigit(3p)isgraph(3p)isprint(3p)ispunct(3p)isspace(3p)isupper(3p)isxdigit(3p)setlocale(3p)_toupper(3p)