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IOCTL(3P) POSIX Programmer's Manual IOCTL(3P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux
implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
ioctl — control a STREAMS device (STREAMS)
#include <stropts.h>
int ioctl(int fildes, int request, ... /* arg */);
The ioctl() function shall perform a variety of control functions on
STREAMS devices. For non-STREAMS devices, the functions performed by
this call are unspecified. The request argument and an optional third
argument (with varying type) shall be passed to and interpreted by
the appropriate part of the STREAM associated with fildes.
The fildes argument is an open file descriptor that refers to a
device.
The request argument selects the control function to be performed and
shall depend on the STREAMS device being addressed.
The arg argument represents additional information that is needed by
this specific STREAMS device to perform the requested function. The
type of arg depends upon the particular control request, but it shall
be either an integer or a pointer to a device-specific data
structure.
The ioctl() commands applicable to STREAMS, their arguments, and
error conditions that apply to each individual command are described
below.
The following ioctl() commands, with error values indicated, are
applicable to all STREAMS files:
I_PUSH Pushes the module whose name is pointed to by arg onto
the top of the current STREAM, just below the STREAM
head. It then calls the open() function of the newly-
pushed module.
The ioctl() function with the I_PUSH command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Invalid module name.
ENXIO Open function of new module failed.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
I_POP Removes the module just below the STREAM head of the
STREAM pointed to by fildes. The arg argument should be
0 in an I_POP request.
The ioctl() function with the I_POP command shall fail
if:
EINVAL No module present in the STREAM.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
I_LOOK Retrieves the name of the module just below the STREAM
head of the STREAM pointed to by fildes, and places it in
a character string pointed to by arg. The buffer pointed
to by arg should be at least FMNAMESZ+1 bytes long, where
FMNAMESZ is defined in <stropts.h>.
The ioctl() function with the I_LOOK command shall fail
if:
EINVAL No module present in the STREAM.
I_FLUSH Flushes read and/or write queues, depending on the value
of arg. Valid arg values are:
FLUSHR Flush all read queues.
FLUSHW Flush all write queues.
FLUSHRW Flush all read and all write queues.
The ioctl() function with the I_FLUSH command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Invalid arg value.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate buffers for flush message.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
I_FLUSHBAND Flushes a particular band of messages. The arg argument
points to a bandinfo structure. The bi_flag member may be
one of FLUSHR, FLUSHW, or FLUSHRW as described above. The
bi_pri member determines the priority band to be flushed.
I_SETSIG Requests that the STREAMS implementation send the SIGPOLL
signal to the calling process when a particular event has
occurred on the STREAM associated with fildes. I_SETSIG
supports an asynchronous processing capability in
STREAMS. The value of arg is a bitmask that specifies the
events for which the process should be signaled. It is
the bitwise-inclusive OR of any combination of the
following constants:
S_RDNORM A normal (priority band set to 0) message has
arrived at the head of a STREAM head read
queue. A signal shall be generated even if
the message is of zero length.
S_RDBAND A message with a non-zero priority band has
arrived at the head of a STREAM head read
queue. A signal shall be generated even if
the message is of zero length.
S_INPUT A message, other than a high-priority
message, has arrived at the head of a STREAM
head read queue. A signal shall be generated
even if the message is of zero length.
S_HIPRI A high-priority message is present on a
STREAM head read queue. A signal shall be
generated even if the message is of zero
length.
S_OUTPUT The write queue for normal data (priority
band 0) just below the STREAM head is no
longer full. This notifies the process that
there is room on the queue for sending (or
writing) normal data downstream.
S_WRNORM Equivalent to S_OUTPUT.
S_WRBAND The write queue for a non-zero priority band
just below the STREAM head is no longer full.
This notifies the process that there is room
on the queue for sending (or writing)
priority data downstream.
S_MSG A STREAMS signal message that contains the
SIGPOLL signal has reached the front of the
STREAM head read queue.
S_ERROR Notification of an error condition has
reached the STREAM head.
S_HANGUP Notification of a hangup has reached the
STREAM head.
S_BANDURG When used in conjunction with S_RDBAND,
SIGURG is generated instead of SIGPOLL when a
priority message reaches the front of the
STREAM head read queue.
If arg is 0, the calling process shall be unregistered
and shall not receive further SIGPOLL signals for the
stream associated with fildes.
Processes that wish to receive SIGPOLL signals shall
ensure that they explicitly register to receive them
using I_SETSIG. If several processes register to receive
this signal for the same event on the same STREAM, each
process shall be signaled when the event occurs.
The ioctl() function with the I_SETSIG command shall fail
if:
EINVAL The value of arg is invalid.
EINVAL The value of arg is 0 and the calling process is
not registered to receive the SIGPOLL signal.
EAGAIN There were insufficient resources to store the
signal request.
I_GETSIG Returns the events for which the calling process is
currently registered to be sent a SIGPOLL signal. The
events are returned as a bitmask in an int pointed to by
arg, where the events are those specified in the
description of I_SETSIG above.
The ioctl() function with the I_GETSIG command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Process is not registered to receive the SIGPOLL
signal.
I_FIND Compares the names of all modules currently present in
the STREAM to the name pointed to by arg, and returns 1
if the named module is present in the STREAM, or returns
0 if the named module is not present.
The ioctl() function with the I_FIND command shall fail
if:
EINVAL arg does not contain a valid module name.
I_PEEK Retrieves the information in the first message on the
STREAM head read queue without taking the message off the
queue. It is analogous to getmsg() except that this
command does not remove the message from the queue. The
arg argument points to a strpeek structure.
The application shall ensure that the maxlen member in
the ctlbuf and databuf strbuf structures is set to the
number of bytes of control information and/or data
information, respectively, to retrieve. The flags member
may be marked RS_HIPRI or 0, as described by getmsg().
If the process sets flags to RS_HIPRI, for example,
I_PEEK shall only look for a high-priority message on the
STREAM head read queue.
I_PEEK returns 1 if a message was retrieved, and returns
0 if no message was found on the STREAM head read queue,
or if the RS_HIPRI flag was set in flags and a high-
priority message was not present on the STREAM head read
queue. It does not wait for a message to arrive. On
return, ctlbuf specifies information in the control
buffer, databuf specifies information in the data buffer,
and flags contains the value RS_HIPRI or 0.
I_SRDOPT Sets the read mode using the value of the argument arg.
Read modes are described in read(). Valid arg flags are:
RNORM Byte-stream mode, the default.
RMSGD Message-discard mode.
RMSGN Message-nondiscard mode.
The bitwise-inclusive OR of RMSGD and RMSGN shall return
[EINVAL]. The bitwise-inclusive OR of RNORM and either
RMSGD or RMSGN shall result in the other flag overriding
RNORM which is the default.
In addition, treatment of control messages by the STREAM
head may be changed by setting any of the following flags
in arg:
RPROTNORM Fail read() with [EBADMSG] if a message
containing a control part is at the front of
the STREAM head read queue.
RPROTDAT Deliver the control part of a message as data
when a process issues a read().
RPROTDIS Discard the control part of a message,
delivering any data portion, when a process
issues a read().
The ioctl() function with the I_SRDOPT command shall fail
if:
EINVAL The arg argument is not valid.
I_GRDOPT Returns the current read mode setting, as described
above, in an int pointed to by the argument arg. Read
modes are described in read().
I_NREAD Counts the number of data bytes in the data part of the
first message on the STREAM head read queue and places
this value in the int pointed to by arg. The return
value for the command shall be the number of messages on
the STREAM head read queue. For example, if 0 is returned
in arg, but the ioctl() return value is greater than 0,
this indicates that a zero-length message is next on the
queue.
I_FDINSERT Creates a message from specified buffer(s), adds
information about another STREAM, and sends the message
downstream. The message contains a control part and an
optional data part. The data and control parts to be sent
are distinguished by placement in separate buffers, as
described below. The arg argument points to a strfdinsert
structure.
The application shall ensure that the len member in the
ctlbuf strbuf structure is set to the size of a
t_uscalar_t plus the number of bytes of control
information to be sent with the message. The fildes
member specifies the file descriptor of the other STREAM,
and the offset member, which must be suitably aligned for
use as a t_uscalar_t, specifies the offset from the start
of the control buffer where I_FDINSERT shall store a
t_uscalar_t whose interpretation is specific to the
STREAM end. The application shall ensure that the len
member in the databuf strbuf structure is set to the
number of bytes of data information to be sent with the
message, or to 0 if no data part is to be sent.
The flags member specifies the type of message to be
created. A normal message is created if flags is set to
0, and a high-priority message is created if flags is set
to RS_HIPRI. For non-priority messages, I_FDINSERT shall
block if the STREAM write queue is full due to internal
flow control conditions. For priority messages,
I_FDINSERT does not block on this condition. For non-
priority messages, I_FDINSERT does not block when the
write queue is full and O_NONBLOCK is set. Instead, it
fails and sets errno to [EAGAIN].
I_FDINSERT also blocks, unless prevented by lack of
internal resources, waiting for the availability of
message blocks in the STREAM, regardless of priority or
whether O_NONBLOCK has been specified. No partial message
is sent.
The ioctl() function with the I_FDINSERT command shall
fail if:
EAGAIN A non-priority message is specified, the
O_NONBLOCK flag is set, and the STREAM write queue
is full due to internal flow control conditions.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Buffers cannot be allocated for the message that
is to be created.
EINVAL One of the following:
-- The fildes member of the strfdinsert
structure is not a valid, open STREAM
file descriptor.
-- The size of a t_uscalar_t plus offset is
greater than the len member for the
buffer specified through ctlbuf.
-- The offset member does not specify a
properly-aligned location in the data
buffer.
-- An undefined value is stored in flags.
ENXIO Hangup received on the STREAM identified by either
the fildes argument or the fildes member of the
strfdinsert structure.
ERANGE The len member for the buffer specified through
databuf does not fall within the range specified
by the maximum and minimum packet sizes of the
topmost STREAM module; or the len member for the
buffer specified through databuf is larger than
the maximum configured size of the data part of a
message; or the len member for the buffer
specified through ctlbuf is larger than the
maximum configured size of the control part of a
message.
I_STR Constructs an internal STREAMS ioctl() message from the
data pointed to by arg, and sends that message
downstream.
This mechanism is provided to send ioctl() requests to
downstream modules and drivers. It allows information to
be sent with ioctl(), and returns to the process any
information sent upstream by the downstream recipient.
I_STR shall block until the system responds with either a
positive or negative acknowledgement message, or until
the request times out after some period of time. If the
request times out, it shall fail with errno set to
[ETIME].
At most, one I_STR can be active on a STREAM. Further
I_STR calls shall block until the active I_STR completes
at the STREAM head. The default timeout interval for
these requests is 15 seconds. The O_NONBLOCK flag has no
effect on this call.
To send requests downstream, the application shall ensure
that arg points to a strioctl structure.
The ic_cmd member is the internal ioctl() command
intended for a downstream module or driver and ic_timout
is the number of seconds (−1=infinite, 0=use
implementation-defined timeout interval, >0=as specified)
an I_STR request shall wait for acknowledgement before
timing out. ic_len is the number of bytes in the data
argument, and ic_dp is a pointer to the data argument.
The ic_len member has two uses: on input, it contains the
length of the data argument passed in, and on return from
the command, it contains the number of bytes being
returned to the process (the buffer pointed to by ic_dp
should be large enough to contain the maximum amount of
data that any module or the driver in the STREAM can
return).
The STREAM head shall convert the information pointed to
by the strioctl structure to an internal ioctl() command
message and send it downstream.
The ioctl() function with the I_STR command shall fail
if:
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate buffers for the ioctl()
message.
EINVAL The ic_len member is less than 0 or larger than
the maximum configured size of the data part of a
message, or ic_timout is less than −1.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
ETIME A downstream ioctl() timed out before
acknowledgement was received.
An I_STR can also fail while waiting for an
acknowledgement if a message indicating an error or a
hangup is received at the STREAM head. In addition, an
error code can be returned in the positive or negative
acknowledgement message, in the event the ioctl() command
sent downstream fails. For these cases, I_STR shall fail
with errno set to the value in the message.
I_SWROPT Sets the write mode using the value of the argument arg.
Valid bit settings for arg are:
SNDZERO Send a zero-length message downstream when a
write() of 0 bytes occurs. To not send a
zero-length message when a write() of 0 bytes
occurs, the application shall ensure that
this bit is not set in arg (for example, arg
would be set to 0).
The ioctl() function with the I_SWROPT command shall fail
if:
EINVAL arg is not the above value.
I_GWROPT Returns the current write mode setting, as described
above, in the int that is pointed to by the argument arg.
I_SENDFD Creates a new reference to the open file description
associated with the file descriptor arg, and writes a
message on the STREAMS-based pipe fildes containing this
reference, together with the user ID and group ID of the
calling process.
The ioctl() function with the I_SENDFD command shall fail
if:
EAGAIN The sending STREAM is unable to allocate a message
block to contain the file pointer; or the read
queue of the receiving STREAM head is full and
cannot accept the message sent by I_SENDFD.
EBADF The arg argument is not a valid, open file
descriptor.
EINVAL The fildes argument is not connected to a STREAM
pipe.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
The ioctl() function with the I_SENDFD command may fail
if:
EINVAL The arg argument is equal to the fildes argument.
I_RECVFD Retrieves the reference to an open file description from
a message written to a STREAMS-based pipe using the
I_SENDFD command, and allocates a new file descriptor in
the calling process that refers to this open file
description. The arg argument is a pointer to a strrecvfd
data structure as defined in <stropts.h>.
The fd member is a file descriptor. The uid and gid
members are the effective user ID and effective group ID,
respectively, of the sending process.
If O_NONBLOCK is not set, I_RECVFD shall block until a
message is present at the STREAM head. If O_NONBLOCK is
set, I_RECVFD shall fail with errno set to [EAGAIN] if no
message is present at the STREAM head.
If the message at the STREAM head is a message sent by an
I_SENDFD, a new file descriptor shall be allocated for
the open file descriptor referenced in the message. The
new file descriptor is placed in the fd member of the
strrecvfd structure pointed to by arg.
The ioctl() function with the I_RECVFD command shall fail
if:
EAGAIN A message is not present at the STREAM head read
queue and the O_NONBLOCK flag is set.
EBADMSG
The message at the STREAM head read queue is not a
message containing a passed file descriptor.
EMFILE All file descriptors available to the process are
currently open.
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
I_LIST Allows the process to list all the module names on the
STREAM, up to and including the topmost driver name. If
arg is a null pointer, the return value shall be the
number of modules, including the driver, that are on the
STREAM pointed to by fildes. This lets the process
allocate enough space for the module names. Otherwise,
it should point to a str_list structure.
The sl_nmods member indicates the number of entries the
process has allocated in the array. Upon return, the
sl_modlist member of the str_list structure shall contain
the list of module names, and the number of entries that
have been filled into the sl_modlist array is found in
the sl_nmods member (the number includes the number of
modules including the driver). The return value from
ioctl() shall be 0. The entries are filled in starting at
the top of the STREAM and continuing downstream until
either the end of the STREAM is reached, or the number of
requested modules (sl_nmods) is satisfied.
The ioctl() function with the I_LIST command shall fail
if:
EINVAL The sl_nmods member is less than 1.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate buffers.
I_ATMARK Allows the process to see if the message at the head of
the STREAM head read queue is marked by some module
downstream. The arg argument determines how the checking
is done when there may be multiple marked messages on the
STREAM head read queue. It may take on the following
values:
ANYMARK Check if the message is marked.
LASTMARK Check if the message is the last one marked
on the queue.
The bitwise-inclusive OR of the flags ANYMARK and
LASTMARK is permitted.
The return value shall be 1 if the mark condition is
satisfied; otherwise, the value shall be 0.
The ioctl() function with the I_ATMARK command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Invalid arg value.
I_CKBAND Checks if the message of a given priority band exists on
the STREAM head read queue. This shall return 1 if a
message of the given priority exists, 0 if no such
message exists, or −1 on error. arg should be of type
int.
The ioctl() function with the I_CKBAND command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Invalid arg value.
I_GETBAND Returns the priority band of the first message on the
STREAM head read queue in the integer referenced by arg.
The ioctl() function with the I_GETBAND command shall
fail if:
ENODATA
No message on the STREAM head read queue.
I_CANPUT Checks if a certain band is writable. arg is set to the
priority band in question. The return value shall be 0 if
the band is flow-controlled, 1 if the band is writable,
or −1 on error.
The ioctl() function with the I_CANPUT command shall fail
if:
EINVAL Invalid arg value.
I_SETCLTIME This request allows the process to set the time the
STREAM head shall delay when a STREAM is closing and
there is data on the write queues. Before closing each
module or driver, if there is data on its write queue,
the STREAM head shall delay for the specified amount of
time to allow the data to drain. If, after the delay,
data is still present, it shall be flushed. The arg
argument is a pointer to an integer specifying the number
of milliseconds to delay, rounded up to the nearest valid
value. If I_SETCLTIME is not performed on a STREAM, an
implementation-defined default timeout interval is used.
The ioctl() function with the I_SETCLTIME command shall
fail if:
EINVAL Invalid arg value.
I_GETCLTIME Returns the close time delay in the integer pointed to by
arg.
Multiplexed STREAMS Configurations
The following commands are used for connecting and disconnecting
multiplexed STREAMS configurations. These commands use an
implementation-defined default timeout interval.
I_LINK Connects two STREAMs, where fildes is the file descriptor
of the STREAM connected to the multiplexing driver, and
arg is the file descriptor of the STREAM connected to
another driver. The STREAM designated by arg is connected
below the multiplexing driver. I_LINK requires the
multiplexing driver to send an acknowledgement message to
the STREAM head regarding the connection. This call shall
return a multiplexer ID number (an identifier used to
disconnect the multiplexer; see I_UNLINK) on success, and
−1 on failure.
The ioctl() function with the I_LINK command shall fail
if:
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
ETIME Timeout before acknowledgement message was
received at STREAM head.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate STREAMS storage to perform the
I_LINK.
EBADF The arg argument is not a valid, open file
descriptor.
EINVAL The fildes argument does not support multiplexing;
or arg is not a STREAM or is already connected
downstream from a multiplexer; or the specified
I_LINK operation would connect the STREAM head in
more than one place in the multiplexed STREAM.
An I_LINK can also fail while waiting for the
multiplexing driver to acknowledge the request, if a
message indicating an error or a hangup is received at
the STREAM head of fildes. In addition, an error code
can be returned in the positive or negative
acknowledgement message. For these cases, I_LINK fails
with errno set to the value in the message.
I_UNLINK Disconnects the two STREAMs specified by fildes and arg.
fildes is the file descriptor of the STREAM connected to
the multiplexing driver. The arg argument is the
multiplexer ID number that was returned by the I_LINK
ioctl() command when a STREAM was connected downstream
from the multiplexing driver. If arg is MUXID_ALL, then
all STREAMs that were connected to fildes shall be
disconnected. As in I_LINK, this command requires
acknowledgement.
The ioctl() function with the I_UNLINK command shall fail
if:
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
ETIME Timeout before acknowledgement message was
received at STREAM head.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate buffers for the acknowledgement
message.
EINVAL Invalid multiplexer ID number.
An I_UNLINK can also fail while waiting for the
multiplexing driver to acknowledge the request if a
message indicating an error or a hangup is received at
the STREAM head of fildes. In addition, an error code
can be returned in the positive or negative
acknowledgement message. For these cases, I_UNLINK shall
fail with errno set to the value in the message.
I_PLINK Creates a persistent connection between two STREAMs,
where fildes is the file descriptor of the STREAM
connected to the multiplexing driver, and arg is the file
descriptor of the STREAM connected to another driver.
This call shall create a persistent connection which can
exist even if the file descriptor fildes associated with
the upper STREAM to the multiplexing driver is closed.
The STREAM designated by arg gets connected via a
persistent connection below the multiplexing driver.
I_PLINK requires the multiplexing driver to send an
acknowledgement message to the STREAM head. This call
shall return a multiplexer ID number (an identifier that
may be used to disconnect the multiplexer; see I_PUNLINK)
on success, and −1 on failure.
The ioctl() function with the I_PLINK command shall fail
if:
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
ETIME Timeout before acknowledgement message was
received at STREAM head.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate STREAMS storage to perform the
I_PLINK.
EBADF The arg argument is not a valid, open file
descriptor.
EINVAL The fildes argument does not support multiplexing;
or arg is not a STREAM or is already connected
downstream from a multiplexer; or the specified
I_PLINK operation would connect the STREAM head in
more than one place in the multiplexed STREAM.
An I_PLINK can also fail while waiting for the
multiplexing driver to acknowledge the request, if a
message indicating an error or a hangup is received at
the STREAM head of fildes. In addition, an error code
can be returned in the positive or negative
acknowledgement message. For these cases, I_PLINK shall
fail with errno set to the value in the message.
I_PUNLINK Disconnects the two STREAMs specified by fildes and arg
from a persistent connection. The fildes argument is the
file descriptor of the STREAM connected to the
multiplexing driver. The arg argument is the multiplexer
ID number that was returned by the I_PLINK ioctl()
command when a STREAM was connected downstream from the
multiplexing driver. If arg is MUXID_ALL, then all
STREAMs which are persistent connections to fildes shall
be disconnected. As in I_PLINK, this command requires the
multiplexing driver to acknowledge the request.
The ioctl() function with the I_PUNLINK command shall
fail if:
ENXIO Hangup received on fildes.
ETIME Timeout before acknowledgement message was
received at STREAM head.
EAGAIN or ENOSR
Unable to allocate buffers for the acknowledgement
message.
EINVAL Invalid multiplexer ID number.
An I_PUNLINK can also fail while waiting for the
multiplexing driver to acknowledge the request if a
message indicating an error or a hangup is received at
the STREAM head of fildes. In addition, an error code
can be returned in the positive or negative
acknowledgement message. For these cases, I_PUNLINK shall
fail with errno set to the value in the message.
Upon successful completion, ioctl() shall return a value other than
−1 that depends upon the STREAMS device control function. Otherwise,
it shall return −1 and set errno to indicate the error.
Under the following general conditions, ioctl() shall fail if:
EBADF The fildes argument is not a valid open file descriptor.
EINTR A signal was caught during the ioctl() operation.
EINVAL The STREAM or multiplexer referenced by fildes is linked
(directly or indirectly) downstream from a multiplexer.
If an underlying device driver detects an error, then ioctl() shall
fail if:
EINVAL The request or arg argument is not valid for this device.
EIO Some physical I/O error has occurred.
ENOTTY The file associated with the fildes argument is not a STREAMS
device that accepts control functions.
ENXIO The request and arg arguments are valid for this device
driver, but the service requested cannot be performed on this
particular sub-device.
ENODEV The fildes argument refers to a valid STREAMS device, but the
corresponding device driver does not support the ioctl()
function.
If a STREAM is connected downstream from a multiplexer, any ioctl()
command except I_UNLINK and I_PUNLINK shall set errno to [EINVAL].
The following sections are informative.
None.
The implementation-defined timeout interval for STREAMS has
historically been 15 seconds.
None.
The ioctl() function may be removed in a future version.
Section 2.6, STREAMS, close(3p), fcntl(3p), getmsg(3p), open(3p),
pipe(3p), poll(3p), putmsg(3p), read(3p), sigaction(3p), write(3p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, stropts.h(0p)
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. (This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1
applied.) In the event of any discrepancy between this version and
the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
Standard can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the
source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2013 IOCTL(3P)
Pages that refer to this page: signal.h(0p), stropts.h(0p), close(3p), read(3p)