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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | SEE ALSO | AUTHORS | AVAILABILITY | COLOPHON |
NSENTER(1) User Commands NSENTER(1)
nsenter - run program with namespaces of other processes
nsenter [options] [program [arguments]]
Enters the namespaces of one or more other processes and then
executes the specified program. If program is not given, then
``${SHELL}'' is run (default: /bin/sh).
Enterable namespaces are:
mount namespace
Mounting and unmounting filesystems will not affect the rest
of the system, except for filesystems which are explicitly
marked as shared (with mount --make-shared; see /proc/self
/mountinfo for the shared flag). For further details, see
mount_namespaces(7) and the discussion of the CLONE_NEWNS flag
in clone(2).
UTS namespace
Setting hostname or domainname will not affect the rest of the
system. For further details, see namespaces(7) and the
discussion of the CLONE_NEWUTS flag in clone(2).
IPC namespace
The process will have an independent namespace for POSIX
message queues as well as System V message queues, semaphore
sets and shared memory segments. For further details, see
namespaces(7) and the discussion of the CLONE_NEWIPC flag in
clone(2).
network namespace
The process will have independent IPv4 and IPv6 stacks, IP
routing tables, firewall rules, the /proc/net and /sys/class
/net directory trees, sockets, etc. For further details, see
namespaces(7) and the discussion of the CLONE_NEWNET flag in
clone(2).
PID namespace
Children will have a set of PID to process mappings separate
from the nsenter process For further details, see
pid_namespaces(7) and the discussion of the CLONE_NEWPID flag
in nsenter will fork by default if changing the PID namespace,
so that the new program and its children share the same PID
namespace and are visible to each other. If --no-fork is
used, the new program will be exec'ed without forking.
user namespace
The process will have a distinct set of UIDs, GIDs and
capabilities. For further details, see user_namespaces(7) and
the discussion of the CLONE_NEWUSER flag in clone(2).
cgroup namespace
The process will have a virtualized view of /proc/self/cgroup,
and new cgroup mounts will be rooted at the namespace cgroup
root. For further details, see cgroup_namespaces(7) and the
discussion of the CLONE_NEWCGROUP flag in clone(2).
See clone(2) for the exact semantics of the flags.
Various of the options below that relate to namespaces take an
optional file argument. This should be one of the /proc/[pid]/ns/*
files described in namespaces(7).
-a, --all
Enter all namespaces of the target process by the default
/proc/[pid]/ns/* namespace paths. The default paths to the
target process namespaces may be overwritten by namespace
specific options (e.g. --all --mount=[path]).
The user namespace will be ignored if the same as the caller's
current user namespace. It prevents a caller that has dropped
capabilities from regaining those capabilities via a call to
setns(). See setns(2) for more details.
-t, --target pid
Specify a target process to get contexts from. The paths to
the contexts specified by pid are:
/proc/pid/ns/mnt the mount namespace
/proc/pid/ns/uts the UTS namespace
/proc/pid/ns/ipc the IPC namespace
/proc/pid/ns/net the network namespace
/proc/pid/ns/pid the PID namespace
/proc/pid/ns/user the user namespace
/proc/pid/ns/cgroup the cgroup namespace
/proc/pid/root the root directory
/proc/pid/cwd the working directory respectively
-m, --mount[=file]
Enter the mount namespace. If no file is specified, enter the
mount namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the mount namespace specified by file.
-u, --uts[=file]
Enter the UTS namespace. If no file is specified, enter the
UTS namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the UTS namespace specified by file.
-i, --ipc[=file]
Enter the IPC namespace. If no file is specified, enter the
IPC namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the IPC namespace specified by file.
-n, --net[=file]
Enter the network namespace. If no file is specified, enter
the network namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the network namespace specified by file.
-p, --pid[=file]
Enter the PID namespace. If no file is specified, enter the
PID namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the PID namespace specified by file.
-U, --user[=file]
Enter the user namespace. If no file is specified, enter the
user namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the user namespace specified by file. See also the
--setuid and --setgid options.
-C, --cgroup[=file]
Enter the cgroup namespace. If no file is specified, enter
the cgroup namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the cgroup namespace specified by file.
-G, --setgid gid
Set the group ID which will be used in the entered namespace
and drop supplementary groups. nsenter(1) always sets GID for
user namespaces, the default is 0.
-S, --setuid uid
Set the user ID which will be used in the entered namespace.
nsenter(1) always sets UID for user namespaces, the default is
0.
--preserve-credentials
Don't modify UID and GID when enter user namespace. The
default is to drops supplementary groups and sets GID and UID
to 0.
-r, --root[=directory]
Set the root directory. If no directory is specified, set the
root directory to the root directory of the target process.
If directory is specified, set the root directory to the
specified directory.
-w, --wd[=directory]
Set the working directory. If no directory is specified, set
the working directory to the working directory of the target
process. If directory is specified, set the working directory
to the specified directory.
-F, --no-fork
Do not fork before exec'ing the specified program. By
default, when entering a PID namespace, nsenter calls fork
before calling exec so that any children will also be in the
newly entered PID namespace.
-Z, --follow-context
Set the SELinux security context used for executing a new
process according to already running process specified by
--target PID. (The util-linux has to be compiled with SELinux
support otherwise the option is unavailable.)
-V, --version
Display version information and exit.
-h, --help
Display help text and exit.
clone(2), setns(2), namespaces(7)
Eric Biederman ⟨biederm@xmission.com⟩
Karel Zak ⟨kzak@redhat.com⟩
The nsenter command is part of the util-linux package and is
available from Linux Kernel Archive
⟨https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/⟩.
This page is part of the util-linux (a random collection of Linux
utilities) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/⟩. If you have a
bug report for this manual page, send it to
util-linux@vger.kernel.org. This page was obtained from the
project's upstream Git repository
⟨git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git⟩ on
2017-07-05. If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML ver‐
sion of the page, or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date
source for the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original man‐
ual page), send a mail to man-pages@man7.org
util-linux June 2013 NSENTER(1)
Pages that refer to this page: nsenter(1), unshare(1), namespaces(7), lsns(8)