ZDUMP

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

version

Output version information and exit.

help

Output short usage message and exit.

i

Output a description of time intervals. For each timezone on the command line, output an interval-format description of the timezone. See below.

v

Output a verbose description of time intervals. For each timezone on the command line, print the time at the lowest possible time value, the time one day after the lowest possible time value, the times both one second before and exactly at each detected time discontinuity, the time at one day less than the highest possible time value, and the time at the highest possible time value. Each line is followed by isdst=D where D is positive, zero, or negative depending on whether the given time is daylight saving time, standard time, or an unknown time type, respectively. Each line is also followed by gmtoff=N if the given local time is known to be N seconds east of Greenwich.

V

Like v, except omit the times relative to the extreme time values. This generates output that is easier to compare to that of implementations with different time representations.

c [loyear,]hiyear

Cut off interval output at the given year(s). Cutoff times are computed using the proleptic Gregorian calendar with year 0 and with Universal Time (UT) ignoring leap seconds. Cutoffs are at the start of each year, where the lower-bound timestamp is exclusive and the upper is inclusive; for example, c 1970,2070 selects transitions after 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC and on or before 2070-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. The default cutoff is 500,2500.

t [lotime,]hitime

Cut off interval output at the given time(s), given in decimal seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The timezone determines whether the count includes leap seconds. As with c, the cutoff's lower bound is exclusive and its upper bound is inclusive.

INTERVAL FORMAT

Dates are in yyyy-mm-dd format and times are in 24-hour hh:mm:ss format where hh<24. Times are in local time immediately after the transition. A time interval description consists of a UT offset in signed ±hhmmss format, a time zone abbreviation, and an isdst flag. An abbreviation that equals the UT offset is omitted; other abbreviations are double-quoted strings unless they consist of one or more alphabetic characters. An isdst flag is omitted for standard time, and otherwise is a decimal integer that is unsigned and positive (typically 1) for daylight saving time and negative for unknown.

In times and in UT offsets with absolute value less than 100 hours, the seconds are omitted if they are zero, and the minutes are also omitted if they are also zero. Positive UT offsets are east of Greenwich. The UT offset 00 denotes a UT placeholder in areas where the actual offset is unspecified; by convention, this occurs when the UT offset is zero and the time zone abbreviation begins with or is

In double-quoted strings, escape sequences represent unusual characters. The escape sequences are \s for space, and \", \\, \f, \n, \r, \t, and \v with their usual meaning in the C programming language. E.g., the double-quoted string " "CET\s\"\\"" represents the character sequence " CET "\" .

Here is an example of the output, with the leading empty line omitted. (This example is shown with tab stops set far enough apart so that the tabbed columns line up.)

TZ="Pacific/Honolulu"
-           -         -103126  LMT
1896-01-13  12:01:26  -1030    HST
1933-04-30  03        -0930    HDT  1
1933-05-21  11        -1030    HST
1942-02-09  03        -0930    HWT  1
1945-08-14  13:30     -0930    HPT  1
1945-09-30  01        -1030    HST
1947-06-08  02:30     -10      HST

Here are excerpts from another example:

TZ="Europe/Astrakhan"
-           -         +031212  LMT
1924-04-30  23:47:48  +03
1930-06-21  01        +04
1981-04-01  01        +05           1
1981-09-30  23        +04
...
2014-10-26  01        +03
2016-03-27  03        +04

LIMITATIONS

In the v and V output, denotes the value returned by gmtime(3), which uses UTC for modern timestamps and some other UT flavor for timestamps that predate the introduction of UTC. No attempt is currently made to have the output use for newer and for older timestamps, partly because the exact date of the introduction of UTC is problematic.  

SEE ALSO

COLOPHON

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

INTERVAL FORMAT

LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

COLOPHON