#include <pwd.h>
int getpwent_r(struct passwd *restrict pwbuf,
char *restrict buf, size_t buflen,
struct passwd **restrict pwbufp);
int fgetpwent_r(FILE *restrict stream, struct passwd *restrict pwbuf,
char *restrict buf, size_t buflen,
struct passwd **restrict pwbufp);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
getpwent_r(),
Since glibc 2.19:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
fgetpwent_r():
Since glibc 2.19:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_SVID_SOURCE
The passwd structure is defined in <pwd.h> as follows:
struct passwd {
char *pw_name; /* username */
char *pw_passwd; /* user password */
uid_t pw_uid; /* user ID */
gid_t pw_gid; /* group ID */
char *pw_gecos; /* user information */
char *pw_dir; /* home directory */
char *pw_shell; /* shell program */
};
For more information about the fields of this structure, see passwd(5).
The nonreentrant functions return a pointer to static storage, where this static storage contains further pointers to user name, password, gecos field, home directory and shell. The reentrant functions described here return all of that in caller-provided buffers. First of all there is the buffer pwbuf that can hold a struct passwd. And next the buffer buf of size buflen that can hold additional strings. The result of these functions, the struct passwd read from the stream, is stored in the provided buffer *pwbuf, and a pointer to this struct passwd is returned in *pwbufp.
| Interface | Attribute | Value |
| getpwent_r() | Thread safety |
MT-Unsafe race:pwent locale
|
| fgetpwent_r() | Thread safety | MT-Safe |
In the above table, pwent in race:pwent signifies that if any of the functions setpwent(), getpwent(), endpwent(), or getpwent_r() are used in parallel in different threads of a program, then data races could occur.
struct passwd * getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen);
or, better,
int
getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen,
FILE **pw_fp);
int
main(void)
{
struct passwd pw;
struct passwd *pwp;
char buf[BUFLEN];
int i;
setpwent();
while (1) {
i = getpwent_r(&pw, buf, sizeof(buf), &pwp);
if (i)
break;
printf("%s (%jd)\tHOME %s\tSHELL %s\n", pwp->pw_name,
(intmax_t) pwp->pw_uid, pwp->pw_dir, pwp->pw_shell);
}
endpwent();
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}