#include <sys/time.h>
int gettimeofday(struct timeval *restrict tv,
struct timezone *restrict tz);
int settimeofday(const struct timeval *tv,
const struct timezone *tz);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
settimeofday():
Since glibc 2.19:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE
The tv argument is a struct timeval (as specified in <sys/time.h>):
struct timeval {
time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */
suseconds_t tv_usec; /* microseconds */
};
and gives the number of seconds and microseconds since the Epoch (see time(2)).
The tz argument is a struct timezone:
struct timezone {
int tz_minuteswest; /* minutes west of Greenwich */
int tz_dsttime; /* type of DST correction */
};
If either tv or tz is NULL, the corresponding structure is not set or returned. (However, compilation warnings will result if tv is NULL.)
The use of the timezone structure is obsolete; the tz argument should normally be specified as NULL. (See NOTES below.)
Under Linux, there are some peculiar "warp clock" semantics associated with the settimeofday() system call if on the very first call (after booting) that has a non-NULL tz argument, the tv argument is NULL and the tz_minuteswest field is nonzero. (The tz_dsttime field should be zero for this case.) In such a case it is assumed that the CMOS clock is on local time, and that it has to be incremented by this amount to get UTC system time. No doubt it is a bad idea to use this feature.
Macros for operating on timeval structures are described in timeradd(3).
Traditionally, the fields of struct timeval were of type long.
On old systems, the field tz_dsttime contains a symbolic constant (values are given below) that indicates in which part of the year Daylight Saving Time is in force. (Note: this value is constant throughout the year: it does not indicate that DST is in force, it just selects an algorithm.) The daylight saving time algorithms defined are as follows:
DST_NONE /* not on DST */ DST_USA /* USA style DST */ DST_AUST /* Australian style DST */ DST_WET /* Western European DST */ DST_MET /* Middle European DST */ DST_EET /* Eastern European DST */ DST_CAN /* Canada */ DST_GB /* Great Britain and Eire */ DST_RUM /* Romania */ DST_TUR /* Turkey */ DST_AUSTALT /* Australian style with shift in 1986 */
Of course it turned out that the period in which Daylight Saving Time is in force cannot be given by a simple algorithm, one per country; indeed, this period is determined by unpredictable political decisions. So this method of representing timezones has been abandoned.