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  4. Release 19

Java Developer's Guide

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Table of Contents

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  • List of Tables
  • Title and Copyright Information
  • Preface
    • Audience
    • Documentation Accessibility
    • Related Documents
    • Conventions
  • Changes in This Release for Oracle Database Java Developer's Guide
    • Changes in Oracle Database 19c
      • New Features
  • 1 Introduction to Java in Oracle Database
    • 1.1 Overview of Java
      • 1.1.1 Java and Object-Oriented Programming Terminology
        • 1.1.1.1 Classes
        • 1.1.1.2 Objects
        • 1.1.1.3 Inheritance
        • 1.1.1.4 Interfaces
        • 1.1.1.5 Encapsulation
        • 1.1.1.6 Polymorphism
      • 1.1.2 Key Features of the Java Language
      • 1.1.3 Java Virtual Machine
      • 1.1.4 Java Class Hierarchy
    • 1.2 About Using Java in Oracle Database
      • 1.2.1 Java and RDBMS: A Robust Combination
      • 1.2.2 About Multithreading
      • 1.2.3 Memory Spaces Management
      • 1.2.4 Footprint
      • 1.2.5 Performance of an Oracle JVM
      • 1.2.6 Dynamic Class Loading
    • 1.3 Overview of Oracle JVM
      • 1.3.1 Process Area
      • 1.3.2 Java session initialization, duration and entrypoints
      • 1.3.3 The GUI
      • 1.3.4 The IDE
    • 1.4 Feature List of Oracle JVM
    • 1.5 Main Components of Oracle JVM
      • 1.5.1 Library Manager
      • 1.5.2 Compiler
      • 1.5.3 Interpreter
      • 1.5.4 Class Loader
      • 1.5.5 Verifier
      • 1.5.6 Server-Side JDBC Internal Driver
      • 1.5.7 Server-Side SQLJ Translator
      • 1.5.8 System Classes
    • 1.6 Java Programming in Oracle Database
      • 1.6.1 Java in Database Application Development
      • 1.6.2 Java Programming Environment Usage
      • 1.6.3 Java Stored Procedures
      • 1.6.4 PL/SQL Integration and Oracle RDBMS Functionality
        • 1.6.4.1 JDBC Drivers
        • 1.6.4.2 SQLJ
      • 1.6.5 Development Tools
      • 1.6.6 Internet Protocol Version 6 Support
    • 1.7 Support for Java 8
    • 1.8 Memory Model for Dedicated Mode Sessions
  • 2 Java Applications on Oracle Database
    • 2.1 Database Sessions Imposed on Java Applications
    • 2.2 Execution Control of Java Applications
    • 2.3 Java Code, Binaries, and Resources Storage
    • 2.4 About Java Classes Loaded in the Database
    • 2.5 Preparing Java Class Methods for Execution
      • 2.5.1 Compiling Java Classes
        • 2.5.1.1 Compiling Source Through javac
        • 2.5.1.2 Compiling Source Through the loadjava Tool
        • 2.5.1.3 Compiling Source at Run Time
        • 2.5.1.4 Specifying Compiler Options
          • 2.5.1.4.1 Specifying Default Compiler Options
          • 2.5.1.4.2 Specifying Compiler Options on the Command Line
          • 2.5.1.4.3 Specifying Compiler Options Specified in a Database Table
          • 2.5.1.4.4 Details About Specifying Compiler Options Specified in the Database Table
        • 2.5.1.5 Recompiling Source Programs Automatically
      • 2.5.2 Overview of Resolving Class Dependencies
        • 2.5.2.1 Allowing References to Nonexistent Classes
        • 2.5.2.2 Bytecode Verifier
      • 2.5.3 Logging in Oracle JVM
      • 2.5.4 Overview of Loading Classes Using the loadjava Tool
        • 2.5.4.1 About Sharing of Metadata for User Classloaded Classes
        • 2.5.4.2 Defining the Same Class Twice
        • 2.5.4.3 About Designating Database Privileges and JVM Permissions
        • 2.5.4.4 About Loading JAR or ZIP Files
        • 2.5.4.5 Database Resident JARs
      • 2.5.5 Overview of Granting Execute Rights
      • 2.5.6 Overview of Controlling the Current User
      • 2.5.7 Overview of Checking Java Uploads
      • 2.5.8 About Publishing Java Methods Loaded in the Database
      • 2.5.9 Overview of Auditing Java Classes Loaded in the Database
    • 2.6 User Interfaces on the Server
    • 2.7 Shortened Class Names
    • 2.8 Class.forName() in Oracle Database
      • 2.8.1 Supply ClassLoader in Class.forName()
      • 2.8.2 Supply Class and Schema Names to classForNameAndSchema()
      • 2.8.3 Supply Class and Schema Names to lookupClass()
      • 2.8.4 Supply Class and Schema Names when Serializing
      • 2.8.5 Class.forName Example
    • 2.9 About Managing Your Operating System Resources
      • 2.9.1 Overview of Operating System Resources
      • 2.9.2 Garbage Collection and Operating System Resources
    • 2.10 About Using the Runtime.exec Functionality in Oracle Database
    • 2.11 Managing Your Applications Using JMX
      • 2.11.1 Overview of JMX
      • 2.11.2 Enabling and Starting JMX in a Session
      • 2.11.3 Setting Oracle JVM JMX Defaults and Configurability
      • 2.11.4 Examples of SQL calls to dbms_java.start_jmx_agent
      • 2.11.5 Using JConsole to Monitor and Control Oracle JVM
        • 2.11.5.1 Using the jconsole Command
        • 2.11.5.2 About Using the JConsole interface
        • 2.11.5.3 About Viewing Oracle JVM Summary Information
        • 2.11.5.4 About Monitoring Memory Consumption
        • 2.11.5.5 About Monitoring Thread Use
        • 2.11.5.6 About Monitoring Class Loading
        • 2.11.5.7 About Monitoring and Managing MBeans
        • 2.11.5.8 About Viewing VM Information
        • 2.11.5.9 The OracleRuntime MBean
        • 2.11.5.10 Memory Thresholds
      • 2.11.6 Important Security Notes
      • 2.11.7 Shared Server Limitations for JMX
    • 2.12 Overview of Threading in Oracle Database
      • 2.12.1 Thread Life Cycle
      • 2.12.2 System.exit(), OracleRuntime.exitSession(), and OracleRuntime.exitCall()
    • 2.13 Shared Servers Considerations
      • 2.13.1 End-of-Call Migration
      • 2.13.2 Oracle-Specific Support for End-of-Call Optimization
      • 2.13.3 The EndOfCallRegistry.registerCallback() Method
      • 2.13.4 The EndOfCallRegistry.runCallbacks() Method
      • 2.13.5 The Callback Interface
      • 2.13.6 The Callback.act() method
      • 2.13.7 Operating System Resources Affected Across Calls
  • 3 Calling Java Methods in Oracle Database
    • 3.1 Invoking Java Methods
      • 3.1.1 Using PL/SQL Wrappers
      • 3.1.2 About JNI Support
      • 3.1.3 About Utilizing SQLJ and JDBC with Java in the Database
        • 3.1.3.1 Using JDBC
        • 3.1.3.2 Using SQLJ
        • 3.1.3.3 Example Comparing JDBC and SQLJ
        • 3.1.3.4 SQLJ Strong Typing Paradigm
        • 3.1.3.5 Translating a SQLJ Program
        • 3.1.3.6 Interaction with PL/SQL
      • 3.1.4 About Using the Command-Line Interface
      • 3.1.5 Overview of Using the Client-Side Stub
        • 3.1.5.1 Using the Default Service Feature
        • 3.1.5.2 Testing the Default Service with a Basic Configuration
    • 3.2 How To Tell Whether You Are Running on the Server
    • 3.3 About Redirecting Output on the Server
  • 4 Java Installation and Configuration
    • 4.1 Initializing a Java-Enabled Database
      • 4.1.1 Configuring the Oracle JVM Option within the Oracle Database Template
      • 4.1.2 Modifying an Existing Oracle Database to Include Oracle JVM
    • 4.2 Configuring Oracle JVM
    • 4.3 The DBMS_JAVA Package
    • 4.4 Enabling the Java Client
      • 4.4.1 Installing Java SE on the Client
      • 4.4.2 Setting Up Environment Variables
    • 4.5 Two-Tier Duration for Java Session State
    • 4.6 About Setting System Properties
  • 5 Introduction to Nashorn JavaScript Engine
    • 5.1 About Using Nashorn JavaScript Engine
      • 5.1.1 Loading JavaScript Code into a Schema
      • 5.1.2 How to run JavaScript in Oracle JVM
        • 5.1.2.1 Using the DBMS_JAVASCRIPT.RUN PL/SQL Procedure
        • 5.1.2.2 Using the DbmsJavaScript Java Class
        • 5.1.2.3 Using the Standard javax.script Java Package
    • 5.2 JavaScript Data Access using JDBC
    • 5.3 REST Enable Your JavaScript Application
  • 6 Developing Java Stored Procedures
    • 6.1 Stored Procedures and Run-Time Contexts
      • 6.1.1 Functions and Procedures
      • 6.1.2 Database Triggers
      • 6.1.3 Object-Relational Methods
    • 6.2 Advantages of Stored Procedures
      • 6.2.1 Performance
      • 6.2.2 Productivity and Ease of Use
      • 6.2.3 Scalability
      • 6.2.4 Maintainability
      • 6.2.5 Interoperability
      • 6.2.6 Replication
      • 6.2.7 Security
    • 6.3 Running Java Stored Procedures
      • 6.3.1 Creating or Reusing the Java Classes
      • 6.3.2 Loading and Resolving the Java Classes
      • 6.3.3 Publishing the Java Classes
      • 6.3.4 Calling the Stored Procedures
    • 6.4 Debugging Java Stored Procedures
      • 6.4.1 Prerequisites for Debugging Java Stored Procedures
      • 6.4.2 Debugging Java Stored Procedures Using the jdb Debugger
      • 6.4.3 Debugging Java Stored Procedures Using JDeveloper
  • 7 Publishing Java Classes With Call Specifications
    • 7.1 What Are Call Specifications?
    • 7.2 Defining Call Specifications
      • 7.2.1 About Setting Parameter Modes
      • 7.2.2 About Mapping Data Types
      • 7.2.3 Using the Server-Side Internal JDBC Driver
    • 7.3 Writing Top-Level Call Specifications
      • 7.3.1 Examples
    • 7.4 Writing Packaged Call Specifications
    • 7.5 Writing Object Type Call Specifications
      • 7.5.1 About Attributes
      • 7.5.2 Declaring Methods
        • 7.5.2.1 Map and Order Methods
        • 7.5.2.2 Constructor Methods
        • 7.5.2.3 Examples
  • 8 Calling Stored Procedures
    • 8.1 Calling Java from the Top Level
      • 8.1.1 Redirecting the Output
      • 8.1.2 Examples of Calling Java Stored Procedures From the Top Level
    • 8.2 Calling Java from Database Triggers
    • 8.3 Calling Java from SQL DML
    • 8.4 Calling Java from PL/SQL
    • 8.5 Calling PL/SQL from Java
    • 8.6 How Oracle JVM Handles Exceptions
  • 9 Java Stored Procedures Application Example
    • 9.1 About Planning the Database Schema
    • 9.2 Creating the Database Tables
    • 9.3 Writing the Java Classes
    • 9.4 Loading the Java Classes
    • 9.5 Publishing the Java Classes
    • 9.6 Calling the Java Stored Procedures
  • 10 Oracle Database Java Application Performance
    • 10.1 Oracle JVM Just-in-Time Compiler (JIT)
      • 10.1.1 Overview of Oracle JVM JIT
      • 10.1.2 Advantages of JIT Compilation
      • 10.1.3 Methods Introduced in Oracle Database 11g
    • 10.2 About Java Memory Usage
      • 10.2.1 Configuring Memory Initialization Parameters
        • 10.2.1.1 Initializing Pool Sizes within Database Templates
      • 10.2.2 About Java Pool Memory
      • 10.2.3 Displaying Used Amounts of Java Pool Memory
      • 10.2.4 Correcting Out of Memory Errors
      • 10.2.5 Displaying Java Call and Session Heap Statistics
  • 11 Security for Oracle Database Java Applications
    • 11.1 Network Connection Security
    • 11.2 Database Contents and Oracle JVM Security
      • 11.2.1 Overview of Java 2 Security Features
      • 11.2.2 Overview of Setting Permissions
        • 11.2.2.1 Fine-Grain Definition for Each Permission
          • 11.2.2.1.1 Granting and Limiting Permissions
          • 11.2.2.1.2 Acquiring Administrative Permission to Update Policy Table
          • 11.2.2.1.3 Creating Permissions
          • 11.2.2.1.4 Enabling or Disabling Permissions
          • 11.2.2.1.5 About Permission Types
          • 11.2.2.1.6 About Initial Permission Grants
        • 11.2.2.2 Assigning General Permission Definition to Roles
      • 11.2.3 Debugging Permissions
      • 11.2.4 Permission for Loading Classes
      • 11.2.5 Customizing the Default java.security Resource
    • 11.3 Database Authentication Mechanisms Available with Oracle JVM
    • 11.4 Secure Use of Runtime.exec Functionality in Oracle Database
  • 12 Native Oracle JVM Support for JNDI
    • 12.1 Overview of Oracle JVM Support for JNDI
    • 12.2 Requirements for Oracle JVM Support for JNDI
      • 12.2.1 Namespace
        • 12.2.1.1 Object permissions
        • 12.2.1.2 Persistent Storage Tables, Indexes, and Sequences
        • 12.2.1.3 Initial Contexts and Permissions
        • 12.2.1.4 Object and Context Default Permissions
      • 12.2.2 Oracle Java Directory Service JNDI Name Space Provider
        • 12.2.2.1 Directory Context
        • 12.2.2.2 StateFactories
        • 12.2.2.3 ObjectFactories
        • 12.2.2.4 OJDS URL Support
        • 12.2.2.5 Client classpath
      • 12.2.3 Namespace Browser
    • 12.3 OJDS Command-Line Tools
      • 12.3.1 ls Command
      • 12.3.2 cd Command
      • 12.3.3 pwd Command
      • 12.3.4 chown Command
      • 12.3.5 mkdir Command
      • 12.3.6 rm Command
      • 12.3.7 ln Command
      • 12.3.8 mv Command
      • 12.3.9 chmod Command
      • 12.3.10 bind Command
      • 12.3.11 bindds Command
      • 12.3.12 bindurl Command
    • 12.4 OJDS APIs and Classes
      • 12.4.1 oracle.aurora.jndi.ojds.OjdsClientContext
      • 12.4.2 oracle.aurora.jndi.ojds.OjdsServerContext
      • 12.4.3 oracle.aurora.jndi.ojds.OjdsInitialContextFactory
      • 12.4.4 oracle.aurora.jndi.ojds.OjdsURLContextFactory
      • 12.4.5 oracle.aurora.jndi.ojds.OjdsURLContext
  • 13 Schema Objects and Oracle JVM Utilities
    • 13.1 Overview of Schema Objects
    • 13.2 What and When to Load
    • 13.3 Resolution of Schema Objects
    • 13.4 Compilation of Schema Objects
    • 13.5 The ojvmtc Tool
      • 13.5.1 About the ojvmtc Tool
      • 13.5.2 Arguments of ojvmtc Command
    • 13.6 The loadjava Tool
      • 13.6.1 loadjava Tool Syntax
      • 13.6.2 loadjava Tool Argument Summary
      • 13.6.3 loadjava Tool Argument Details
    • 13.7 The dropjava Tool
      • 13.7.1 dropjava Tool Syntax
      • 13.7.2 dropjava Tool Argument Summary
      • 13.7.3 dropjava Tool Argument Details
      • 13.7.4 About Dropping Resources Using dropjava Tool
    • 13.8 The ojvmjava Tool
      • 13.8.1 ojvmjava Tool Syntax
      • 13.8.2 ojvmjava Tool Argument Summary
      • 13.8.3 ojvmjava Tool Example
      • 13.8.4 ojvmjava Tool Functionality
        • 13.8.4.1 ojvmjava Tool Command-Line Options
        • 13.8.4.2 ojvmjava Tool Shell Commands
  • 14 Database Web Services
    • 14.1 Overview of Database Web Services
    • 14.2 About Using Oracle Database as Web Services Consumer
      • 14.2.1 About Using Oracle JVM Web Services Call-Out Utility
        • 14.2.1.1 Architecture of Oracle JVM Web Services Call-Out Utility
        • 14.2.1.2 Input to Oracle JVM Web Services Call-Out Utility
        • 14.2.1.3 Output of the Oracle JVM Web Services Call-Out Utility
        • 14.2.1.4 Calling Secure Web Service from Oracle JVM Web Services Call-Out Utility
      • 14.2.2 Web Service Data Sources (Virtual Table Support)
      • 14.2.3 Features of Oracle Database as a Web Service Consumer
  • A DBMS_JAVA Package
    • A.1 longname
    • A.2 shortname
    • A.3 get_compiler_option
    • A.4 set_compiler_option
    • A.5 reset_compiler_option
    • A.6 resolver
    • A.7 derivedFrom
    • A.8 fixed_in_instance
    • A.9 set_output
    • A.10 export_source
    • A.11 export_class
    • A.12 export_resource
    • A.13 loadjava
    • A.14 dropjava
    • A.15 grant_permission
    • A.16 grant_permission
    • A.17 restrict_permission
    • A.18 restrict_permission
    • A.19 grant_policy_permission
    • A.20 grant_policy_permission
    • A.21 revoke_permission
    • A.22 disable_permission
    • A.23 enable_permission
    • A.24 delete_permission
    • A.25 set_preference
    • A.26 runjava
    • A.27 runjava_in_current_session
    • A.28 set_property
    • A.29 get_property
    • A.30 remove_property
    • A.31 show_property
    • A.32 set_output_to_sql
    • A.33 remove_output_to_sql
    • A.34 enable_output_to_sql
    • A.35 disable_output_to_sql
    • A.36 query_output_to_sql
    • A.37 set_output_to_java
    • A.38 remove_output_to_java
    • A.39 enable_output_to_java
    • A.40 disable_output_to_java
    • A.41 query_output_to_java
    • A.42 set_output_to_file
    • A.43 remove_output_to_file
    • A.44 enable_output_to_file
    • A.45 disable_output_to_file
    • A.46 query_output_to_file
    • A.47 enable_output_to_trc
    • A.48 disable_output_to_trc
    • A.49 query_output_to_trc
    • A.50 endsession
    • A.51 endsession_and_related_state
    • A.52 set_native_compiler_option
    • A.53 unset_native_compiler_option
    • A.54 compile_class
    • A.55 uncompile_class
    • A.56 compile_method
    • A.57 uncompile_method
    • A.58 start_jmx_agent
    • A.59 set_runtime_exec_credentials
  • B DBMS_JAVASCRIPT Package
    • B.1 DBMS_JAVASCRIPT Overview
      • B.1.1 The RUN Procedure
    • B.2 DBMS_JAVASCRIPT Security Model
  • C Classpath Extensions and User Classloaded Metadata
    • C.1 Classpath Extensions
      • C.1.1 jserverQuotedClassPathTermPrefix
      • C.1.2 jserverURLPrefix
      • C.1.3 jserverSpecialTokenPrefix
      • C.1.4 JSERVER_CP
      • C.1.5 JSERVER_SCHEMAc
      • C.1.6 jserver:/CP general syntax
    • C.2 User Classloaded Metadata
  • Index

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  1. Java Developer's Guide
  2. Calling Java Methods in Oracle Database

3 Calling Java Methods in Oracle Database

This chapter provides an overview and examples of calling Java methods that reside in Oracle Database. It contains the following sections:

  • Invoking Java Methods

  • How To Tell You Are Running on the Server

  • About Redirecting Output on the Server

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