Description of the illustration cncpt212.eps

On the left of this graphic is an upward-pointing arrow labeled STARTUP. To the right is a series of four steps in a staircase. The bottom step is SHUTDOWN. The next step is NOMOUNT, with the comment "instance started." The next step is MOUNT, with the comment "Control file opened for this instance." The next step is OPEN, with the comment "Database opened for this instance."