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Oracle® Database SQL Language Reference
11g Release 2 (11.2)

Part Number E26088-02
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ROWID Pseudocolumn

For each row in the database, the ROWID pseudocolumn returns the address of the row. Oracle Database rowid values contain information necessary to locate a row:

Usually, a rowid value uniquely identifies a row in the database. However, rows in different tables that are stored together in the same cluster can have the same rowid.

Values of the ROWID pseudocolumn have the data type ROWID or UROWID. Refer to "Rowid Data Types" and "UROWID Data Type" for more information.

Rowid values have several important uses:

You should not use ROWID as the primary key of a table. If you delete and reinsert a row with the Import and Export utilities, for example, then its rowid may change. If you delete a row, then Oracle may reassign its rowid to a new row inserted later.

Although you can use the ROWID pseudocolumn in the SELECT and WHERE clause of a query, these pseudocolumn values are not actually stored in the database. You cannot insert, update, or delete a value of the ROWID pseudocolumn.

Example This statement selects the address of all rows that contain data for employees in department 20:

SELECT ROWID, last_name
  FROM employees
  WHERE department_id = 20;