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Dictionary Updates¶

ClickHouse periodically updates the dictionaries. The update interval for fully downloaded dictionaries and the invalidation interval for cached dictionaries are defined in the <lifetime> tag in seconds.

Dictionary updates (other than loading for first use) do not block queries. During updates, the old version of a dictionary is used. If an error occurs during an update, the error is written to the server log, and queries continue using the old version of dictionaries.

Example of settings:

<dictionary>
    ...
    <lifetime>300</lifetime>
    ...
</dictionary>

Setting <lifetime> 0</lifetime> prevents updating dictionaries.

You can set a time interval for upgrades, and ClickHouse will choose a uniformly random time within this range. This is necessary in order to distribute the load on the dictionary source when upgrading on a large number of servers.

Example of settings:

<dictionary>
    ...
    <lifetime>
        <min>300</min>
        <max>360</max>
    </lifetime>
    ...
</dictionary>

When upgrading the dictionaries, the ClickHouse server applies different logic depending on the type of source:

For a text file, it checks the time of modification. If the time differs from the previously recorded time, the dictionary is updated.
For MyISAM tables, the time of modification is checked using a SHOW TABLE STATUS query.
Dictionaries from other sources are updated every time by default.

For MySQL (InnoDB), ODBC and ClickHouse sources, you can set up a query that will update the dictionaries only if they really changed, rather than each time. To do this, follow these steps:

The dictionary table must have a field that always changes when the source data is updated.
The settings of the source must specify a query that retrieves the changing field. The ClickHouse server interprets the query result as a row, and if this row has changed relative to its previous state, the dictionary is updated. Specify the query in the <invalidate_query> field in the settings for the source.

Example of settings:

<dictionary>
    ...
    <odbc>
      ...
      <invalidate_query>SELECT update_time FROM dictionary_source where id = 1</invalidate_query>
    </odbc>
    ...
</dictionary>

Original article