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These options affect the appearance of the overall output.
List one file per line. This is the default for ls
when standard
output is not a terminal. See also the -b and -q options
to suppress direct output of newline characters within a file name.
List files in columns, sorted vertically. This is the default for
ls
if standard output is a terminal. It is always the default
for the dir
program.
GNU ls
uses variable width columns to display as many files as
possible in the fewest lines.
Specify whether to use color for distinguishing file types. when may be omitted, or one of:
Specifying --color and no when is equivalent to
--color=always.
If piping a colorized listing through a pager like less
,
use the -R option to pass the color codes to the terminal.
Note that using the --color option may incur a noticeable
performance penalty when run in a directory with very many entries,
because the default settings require that ls
stat
every
single file it lists.
However, if you would like most of the file-type coloring
but can live without the other coloring options (e.g.,
executable, orphan, sticky, other-writable, capability), use
dircolors
to set the LS_COLORS
environment variable like this,
eval $(dircolors -p | perl -pe \ 's/^((CAP|S[ET]|O[TR]|M|E)\w+).*/$1 00/' | dircolors -)
and on a dirent.d_type
-capable file system, ls
will perform only one stat
call per command line argument.
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type. Also, for regular files that are executable, append ‘*’. The file type indicators are ‘/’ for directories, ‘@’ for symbolic links, ‘|’ for FIFOs, ‘=’ for sockets, ‘>’ for doors, and nothing for regular files. Do not follow symbolic links listed on the command line unless the --dereference-command-line (-H), --dereference (-L), or --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir options are specified.
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type. This is like -F, except that executables are not marked.
Output codes recognized by some terminals to link to files using the ‘file://’ URI format. when may be omitted, or one of:
Specifying --hyperlink and no when is equivalent to --hyperlink=always.
Append a character indicator with style word to entry names, as follows:
Do not append any character indicator; this is the default.
Append ‘/’ for directories. This is the same as the -p option.
Append ‘/’ for directories, ‘@’ for symbolic links, ‘|’ for FIFOs, ‘=’ for sockets, and nothing for regular files. This is the same as the --file-type option.
Append ‘*’ for executable regular files, otherwise behave as for ‘file-type’. This is the same as the -F or --classify option.
Set the default block size to its normal value of 1024 bytes, overriding any contrary specification in environment variables (see Block size). This option is in turn overridden by the --block-size, -h or --human-readable, and --si options.
The -k or --kibibytes option affects the per-directory block count written by the -l and similar options, and the size written by the -s or --size option. It does not affect the file size written by -l.
List files horizontally, with as many as will fit on each line, separated by ‘, ’ (a comma and a space).
Append a ‘/’ to directory names.
List the files in columns, sorted horizontally.
Assume that each tab stop is cols columns wide. The default is 8.
ls
uses tabs where possible in the output, for efficiency. If
cols is zero, do not use tabs at all.
Some terminal emulators might not properly align columns to the right of a
TAB following a non-ASCII byte. You can avoid that issue by using the
-T0 option or put TABSIZE=0
in your environment, to tell
ls
to align using spaces, not tabs.
Assume the screen is cols columns wide. The default is taken
from the terminal settings if possible; otherwise the environment
variable COLUMNS
is used if it is set; otherwise the default
is 80. With a cols value of ‘0’, there is no limit on
the length of the output line, and that single output line will
be delimited with spaces, not tabs.
Next: Formatting file timestamps, Previous: Details about version sort, Up: ls invocation [Contents][Index]